SOKOLNIKOV Gregory

Sokolnikov (real name - Hirsch, Yankelevich Brilliant) Gregory (3.8.1888, Romni Poltava province - 21/5/1939, Verkhneuralsk), statesman. The son of a physician. He studied at the Faculty of Moscow University (not finished). Educated at the Faculty of the University of Paris (1914). In 1905 joined the RSDLP, Bolshevik. Conducted party work in Moscow, in 1907, was arrested in Feb.. 1909 was exiled to Siberia. In 1909 he fled abroad, he lived in Switzerland and France. During the 1-st World War he joined the internationalists. In April. 1917 with VI. Lenin in a sealed train through Germany he returned to Russia. In 1917, a member of the Moscow Committee and the Moscow regional bureau RSDLP (b), a member of the Executive Committee of the Moscow City Council. Since August. 1917 members of the Executive Committee of the Petrograd Soviet and the editorial board of the newspaper "Work Path". Member of an armed uprising in Petrograd. In 1917-19 a member of the Party Central Committee. In October. 1917 directed the nationalization of banks. In December. 1917 members of the Soviet delegation at the talks in Brest-Litovsk in 1918 changed L.D. Trotsky in office before. this delegation, signed the Brest-Litovsk Treaty with Germany and its allies. In May-June 1918 Member of the Presidium of the Supreme Economic Council and a member of "Truth". Since 1918 sent to the front, a member of the Revolutionary Military Council of 2 nd and 9 th Armies. Southern Front Commander 8 th Army and the Turkestan Front, before. Turkestan Commission and the Central Executive Committee and ANC before. Turkbyuro CC, CPSU (b). Enjoy the full range of military, civil and judicial power in Turkestan, led the fight against local nationalists Bassmachis and white army. In early 1921 during a debate on the role of trade unions expressed support for the line L.D. Trotsky and NI. Bukharin. In March 1921, again headed Turkkomissiyu, headed clearance from the Central Asian republics Bassmachis and their "collaborators". On Nov.. 1921 Member of the Board, in 1922, Deputy. Commissar, in 1922-23 People's Commissar of Finance of the RSFSR. With the formation of the USSR People's Commissariat of Finance with. 6/7/1923 the first People's Commissar. In 1922 he participated in the work of the Hague Conference. Since 1922 member, since 1930 kandidatvchlenyTsKVKP (b). S2.6.1924 on 18.12.1925 candidate member of Politburo. In 1925-26 Sokolnikov was one of the most prominent leaders of a so-called. "new opposition", which also involved G.E. Zinoviev and Kamenev. 16/1/1926 Narkomfin removed from his post and transferred to a decrease in the post of Deputy. prev. Gosplan. In 1927, members' united left opposition, in 1927, broke with Trotskyism ". In 1928-29 before. Neftesindikata USSR. In 1928, expressed support for the "Right deviation", whose adherents were opposed to NEP and forcing the collapse of industrialization and collectivization. In 1929-32 Ambassador to Britain, with the March 1933 board member of the Foreign Affairs. In May, 1933 - June 1934 Deputy. Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the USSR. In May 1935 Sokolnikov appointed 1 st Vice. Commissar of the forest industry of the USSR. In July 1936 expelled from the party and arrested on 26.7.1936. During the investigation testified that the program of the organization to which he belonged, "the rejection of the policy of industrialization, collectivization, and as a result of this failure, the rise of capitalism in the countryside". As one of the defendants brought to an open trial of "parallel anti-Soviet Trotskyite Center" 30/1/1937 and sentenced to 10 years in prison. The official version was killed in prison inmates. In 1988, rehabilitated and restored in the party.
To use material from the book.: Zaleski KA. Stalin's empire. Biographical Encyclopedic Dictionary. Moscow, Veche, 2000


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Sokolnikov (cf.. Pham. Brilliant) Gregory (15 August. 1888, Romni Poltava province, - May 21, 1939, Verkhneuralsk). From the family physician. Tsp. RSDLP since 1905, the Bolshevik. In Rev-tion 1905 - 1907 period led the party work in Moscow, the party in December. armament. insurrection; propagandist City District: tsp. Sokolniki RK RSDLP and military-technical. Office at MK Party. Autumn of 1907 was arrested in Feb.. 1909 sentenced to exile for life exile. Six weeks after arriving in a. Fish Yenisei Province. ran. Since the autumn of 1909 in exile, was in charge of workers' clubs "Proletariat" in Paris, graduated from the Juridical. Dept., and the course of a doctoral student of economical. Sciences at the Sorbonne. Participated in the publication of Gas. "For the Party". During the 1-st world. War internationalist.

After the February. Revolution of 1917, together with VI. Lenin and the other in April. returned to Russia. He worked in Moscow. desks. org-tion. Tsp. MK RSDLP (b) and the Bolshevik. fraction of the Executive Committee of the Moscow City Council. At the 1-st Moscow. Region. desks. Conf. (19-21 May.) Opposed the control of the Soviets during the. pr-tion, to-Roe seeks to consolidate power of the bourgeoisie, it is pr-tion imperialist ", so our task - to build and strengthen Vseros. representation of workers and cross-va, create org-tion united Soviets RKiSD ( "Span. Roar-tion, 1929. N 10, with. 147). On the issue of unification with the c-d. groups not belonging to the partners. org-tion, considered valid only association with internationalists. Elected member of. Mosk. Region. Bureau (ISB) of the Bolsheviks and their narrow-ended. Affairs. 7 th (April) Vseros. Conf. RSDLP (b). The report of the section to revise the general part of the party. program stated that "the pattern of capitalist. the world as it should be now, for the first quarter of the 20 th and differs significantly from that to-heaven given in the last quarter of the 19 th century. ", and therefore requires its processing (see:" 7-I (April) Vseros. Conf. RSDLP (b), with. 198]. Own a common part of the program given in an article published in the summer in Sa-ke MOB RSDLP (b) "On the revision of desks. program.

During the July events in Petrograd, the Bolsheviks opposed the withdrawal of the Soviets. July 13-14 took part in the expanded meeting of the RSDLP (b), on to the rum-discussed strategy of the party in the new conditions. At the 2-nd Moscow. Region. desks. Conf. (July 21-23), made reports Polit, time and problem S.-Democracy "and" On reviewing desks. program (and the introduction of the minimum program) Sokolnikov supported the idea of time is needed. removal of the slogan "All Power to the Soviets!". "Roar-tion did not stop - he stressed, is not broken, it goes ahead, despite the fact that the leaders of the proletariat in the face of the Mensheviks and Socialist-Revolutionary Revolution of change" ( "Span. Roar-tion ", 1929, No. 12. with. 168). Speaking of the future party. program, said: "In essence, the project t. Lenin introduced the draft Socolinicova almost entirely. Principal is no difference between the two projects. Must select the most appropriate project. This is my project "(ibid., 1930," 2-3, with. 126).

Affairs. 6 th Party Congress (b) (July 26 - August 3.). At the plenary sessions performed twice on the attitude of the Soviets, was a speaker at the section on the revision of desks. program, elected RSDLP (b). At poslesezdovskom plenum introduced into the narrow part of the Central Committee and was elected a member of the editorial board of the Party - gas. "Worker and Soldier," replacing the closed Pravda. In Sept-Oct. tsp. Executive Committee of the Petrograd. Council RDA, Central Executive Committee, Ph.D.. from RSDLP (b) members to establish. Coll., Dem Party. meeting. October 10, at a meeting RSDLP (b) voted for the resolution of the uprising, was elected to the Polit. Bureau of the Central Committee, created for polit. Hand-va preparation for the insurrection. Defended the resolution on the uprising and at the enlarged meeting of the Central Committee on October 16.: "Objections Kamenev lack credibility. More favorable balance of forces can be expected "[" The Protocols of the Central Committee RSDRGKb), Moscow, 1958, with. 101-02]

October 24. involved in the resumption of the printing house gas. "Work Path", defeated the cadets. On the morning of Oct. 25. participated in the operational meeting of the members RSDLP (b) in the Smolny, to discuss the program further action. October Member. armament. uprising in Petrograd. Affairs. 2-nd All-Russia. Congress of Soviets of the RNC (25-27 oct.) on the f-rum was elected member of. Central Executive Committee of the new. Participated in negotiations with Vikzhel on the "homogeneous Sots. pr-ve ". 3 Nov.. signed "Ultimatum majority RSDLP (b) minority, in a rum-" minority "CC (L.B. Kamenev, G.E. Zinoviev, AI. Rykov, VP. Milutin, VL.Nogin) were required to answer - whether they undertake to implement policies formulated by Lenin and adopted by the majority ", otherwise raised the issue of their expulsion from the party (see. ibid,. 133-34). Edited Pravda. Elected member of. Inaugural. Coll. (from Tver Province.), has been working in the Bureau of the Bolshevik. fraction inaugural. Coll. In Nov.-Dec. directed the nationalization and reorganization of banks: developed a draft decree on the nationalization of private banks, was tsp. Council of State. Bank assistant. Commissioner State. Bank on the Rights of the deputy. (Comrade) manager, the former head of the Commissariat. private banks, was tsp. Board Narkomfin and the Bureau of the Supreme Economic Council.

Member of the delegation sent by the Central Executive Committee of Brest-Litovsk 17 Nov.. for negotiations with the germ, the command of the Armistice. During the debate in the party on matters of war and peace, supported Lenin's position to conclude a separate peace with Germany. Prev. rus. delegation, signed the contract on Mar. 3, 1918 at the Peace Conference at Brest-Litovsk. At the meeting, the conference announced the declaration in a swarm, said: "We never for a moment doubt that this is the triumph of imperialism and militarism over the Intern. span. roar-tion will be only temporary and transitory "[" 7-th extraordinary congress of the RCP (B.). Stenografich. report, Moscow, 1962. with. 287] At the 7 th Party Congress, was elected member of. RCP (b) and member of the program committee.

Later on owls. Warplane.. Dipl. and households. work. In January. 1937 convicted by a military. Top panel. Court of the USSR to 10 years in prison concluded. Died in prison. Rehabilitated in 1988.