KUZNETSOV Yuri Polikarpovich

Kuznetsov, Yuri Polikarpovich (1941-2003), Russian poet.
Born February 11, 1941 in the village of Leningrad Krasnodar Krai. Father - a professional soldier, his mother - a schoolteacher.

Once in 1941 my father Kuznetsova went to the front, the family went to his home in the village Aleksandrovskoe in the Stavropol region, and a little later moved to Tikhoretsk. There in the house of his grandfather and grandmother spent his childhood and early adolescence Kuznetsova. His father died in 1944 in the Crimea, and the memories of him, as well as about the war, according to Kuznetsov, became an important motivation for his poetry (the first poem written in the age of nine).

After school Kuznetsov served in the Army (1961-1964), worked as a nursery inspector of police (1964-1965), the newspaper Komsomolets Kuban '(1965-1966). One year he studied at the University of Kuban (Krasnodar).

In 1965 joined the Literary Institute. Gorky, who graduated in 1970 (involved in the poetry workshop SS Narovchatov). After a brief stay at home in the same year he returned to Moscow. He worked as an editor at Publishers 'Contemporary' (1971-1976). In 1974 joined the Union of Soviet Writers, in 1975 - in the CPSU

. Likely, . universal sense of impending disaster, . inherent poetics Kuznetsova, . he was the first time during the Cuban missile crisis (from 1961 to 1963 he was a member of the Soviet Army troops in Cuba), . as described in the poem, . dated October 25, 1962: I remember the night with continental missile, . / When the event was the soul every step, . / When we were sleeping, . ordered, . nerazdetymi / And the horror of space thundered in our ears,
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However, in the early poems, collected in the book "Thunderstorm", published in Krasnodar (1966), these motifs are just outlines, . which were written verses and poems, . united in collections "in me and the next - DAL (1974), . "Land of Light - for the first corner" (1976), . "Going on the road, . soul looked back "(1978), . have attracted the attention of readers and critics,
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Working within the allowed for the Soviet poet so (pastoral poetry, memories of childhood, war, etc.). Kuznetsov, builds a poetic world with complex topology. Space-time coordinates are real and recognizable, while the subject-Character categories refer to some other 'measurements' (among the most important images in the poetry Kuznetsova - the image of 'holes' in the dark, 'hiatus', 'gap'). His space is formed under the influence of the boundless forces that are out of nowhere, like a tornado: Front drove into the middle, / And that he kicked in the other (poetry).

Critics thought that the impetus for the creation of a new poetics was the familiarity with the works of AN Afanasyev and VF Miller, devoted to Slavic mythology. In any case, this poetic world exists under the laws of pre-Christian. Hence, special attention to the categories of kinship and family and kinship ties, the basis of which - triangle 'father - mother - son'. Relations between unequal: if the father and his actions are generally not subject to discussion (he seems to be missing, . lifted up to an unattainable height position in the family, . caring father to the front and his death - update of the same motif), . the ratio of mother to her father - is an absolute acceptance, . total obedience and sacrifice to follow her destiny, . which, . essentially, . is the projection of the fate of head of family: Father! - Scream,
. - You do not bring us happiness.. - / Mother horrified me closes the mouth (Father).

Son's destiny in this triad dramatic. It should replace his father (the change does not improve the lot of the mother), like the ear, go up on the ground, watered with the blood of his father. The inevitable and destined usurpation of paternal power split nature son, . it creates bitterness and loneliness, . what, . in turn, . impact on the amorous conflicts: the relationship matured her son with a woman in this world is tense and unhappy,


. In this light one can understand the critics marked ambivalence lyrical Kuznetsova - the craving for human communication and at the same time complete detachment ( "I'm in another generation is not found:"), . for the replacement of wholeness and unity of the kind will not be able to serve neither the strong friendship, . any general thoughts,
. This is to be interpreted openly declarative line: I drank from the skull of the father / For the truth on the ground, / In the Russian fairy tale face / And the right way in the mist. / The sun was rising and the moon / I clinked glasses with me. / And I repeated the names, / Forgotten Ground. Bitter controversy, . broke out around these verses, . - The poet-soldier MA Sobol made his poetic rebuke "Naslednichek" - demonstrated, . that for the interpretation of the poetic world Kuznetsova critics often use moral categories and cultural schemes, . alien to him,
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The dead in this space mifopoeticheskom not dead and irrevocably, is 'incomplete death'. Own and enemy soldiers, . killed in battle on the mountain tops, . 'lie as living', . 'wait and watch' ( "Eternal Snow"), . living through the special efforts may force them to move and speak, . or altogether lead from distant lands, . where they live, . to the walls of his home ( "Four"),
. Therefore, the lyrical hero Kuznetsova often acted as a bridge between the world of the living and the world of the dead.

Items that are here to take a leadership role - from a mystical arsenal. This is a shadow, or sprawling oplotnyayuschayasya (in her stride, as if the bridge or on the board) traces, nails. Kuznetsov is drawn to such layers of consciousness, to whom the tale is modern, but because sometimes worthy ironic debunking. Told 'to the present mood', . it is monstrous: Ivanushka, . seeking out the arrow's flight on a frog for three seas, . puts nemudreny experience, . revealing the frog's body and threw it on the electric current: In the long agony she died, . / In every vein tapped century,
. / And a smile played Knowledge.I / The happy face fool (Nuclear Tale). Knowledge is not opposed to blissful ignorance, and ancient knowledge. Title of the poem is refers to the science of the twentieth century, and to the ancient atomism, while the author clearly implies far more.

Speculative consistently aligned literary construction of the most checkered Kuznetsov. Rational opposites, in fact, were the basic elements of art created by the model, a great place that deals with technical devices and machinery - goggles, trains, etc.. Musicality and euphony simply not characteristic of this poetics, poor rhymes embody, rather, not sound, and fashion sense ( 'star-destiny', 'on leave-height', 'human-light').

Imbalance (often in his poems about love) may result in banal, melodramatic. For example, in verse, which varied motives memories about losing their former prowess ( "The last horses"), to return to his hometown after a long absence ( "Aquarius").

In the short poem "Golden Mountain", "House", "Marriage," "Snakes on a lighthouse," "Aphrodite," "Seventh" is not the lead story, a lyrical impulse and a succession of images.

Known Kuznetsov and poems ostrosatiricheskimi ( "Rectifier humps", "parrot", "Talk of the Deaf," "The Nose"). Significant place in his poetry held an open provocation ( "Stump, Or wolf, or a glimpse of Pushkin?"), Playing with quotations from the classic Russian poetry and verbal cliches.

Lengthy titles compilations Kuznetsova critics regarded as deliberately deprived of the uniqueness or not amenable to interpretation. Nevertheless, in the names of certain themes can be traced, . associated with the walk tempered the will of the soul in the spaces and quaint nooks of the world: "let go his soul to the will" (1981), . "No sooner, . and late "(1985), . Soul is true limits of the unknown "(1986),
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In the ideological debates of the seventies and eighties the name Kuznetsova, actively developing a kind of 'Slavic myth', one side took to the skies and exalt the other - on the contrary, detract and purging.

In 1990, Kuznetsov was a board member of the Union of Writers of the RSFSR, then one of the leaders of the Moscow writers' organization.

Collection Soul true unknown limits "was awarded the State Prize of the RSFSR (1990). Among other awards Kuznetsova - Order 'Honor' (1984), Diploma of the Ministry of Education of Russia (2002). In September 1997, Kuznetsov was elected an academician of the Academy of Russia's literature.

From 1987 and until the last days led poetry workshop at the Literary Institute. Gorky (full-time and correspondence departments of higher literature courses).

When his life came to light more than a dozen books of poetry. Engaged Kuznetsov and verse translation (among the authors, which he translated, A. Atabaev, J. Pilarzh, F. Schiller). Selected translations are collected in the book "transplanted flowers" (1990).

Died Nov. 17, 2003 in Moscow.