Who said " mother." Why Bitter now evokes strong passions?
Yesterday, the 150th anniversary of the author of the novel "Mother" (March 28) in the printing of the company AST ( " Redaction of Elena Shubina "), a book Basinski " Bitter: Passions on Maxim ". It, incidentally, includes memoirs Khodasevich, Chukovsky, Shklovsky... Even the obituary of Leon Trotsky. Questions To Paul Basinska appeared by themselves. A Nobel-sagliyor of Vyrubov, " AIF ": Paul, Here is Marina Tsvetaeva, certainly Not the writers, sincerely believed That the Bitter the most worthy candidate for the Nobel prize. Indignant That in 1933 Not given to him, And Bunin. Today It seems incredible. Tsvetaeva bitter! What, in your opinion, Bitter And in truth might grab a Nobel? Pavel Basinsky: Not only could, But was obliged, if Not intrigue, we say right, Bunin And political circumstances. Bitter was second only to Tolstoy Russian writer - a candidate for the award. Already in 1918, considered His candidacy (Bunin - 1923). All other candidates - Bunin, Shmelev, Merezhkovsky, Balmont And was Not real opponents. But behind him stretched the trail of " Communist ", But the Communists executed the Royal family, which has been in relationship with the Swedish king, the Nobel prize is awarded by the Swedish king. Yes, And the Nobel prize speech "the stormy Petrel of the revolution" could come of the incident. Whether a little That He said.- Gorky met And talked With Lenin, dedicated to him the essay. But Churchill's cousin, Clare Sheridan, carried away by His ideas, arrived in the Russian Federation And made His bust. In Soviet Russian Federation came the intellectuals, the stars. Then he wrote about Lenin, And very respectful. About them trying to forget, Not forgive And Bitter. Why not? There is Not so much Lenin as His successor - Stalin. Stalin against the "left" of European intellectuals (they All were if Not literally "red", "pink" ), too, because it was very reverent. In the European Union was an economic crisis, the Soviet "experiment" many, then fascinated. Moreover, in the Soviet Union saw the only real opposition to fascism, Which in fact happened. Today, About Yes, did Not like to remember nor liberals, nor European. Need a " baby whipping ", And Here they became Bitter.- Still, it was more expensive than Lenin/Stalin or his ideas of God-building, the new man?- Problem bitter That He was Not only a writer But also an active revolutionary And cultural schemer. To me It rather attracts. He's Not "waiting" like many intellectuals, the revolution It produced. And He really was in love with the culture, in literature, Not in their creativity, which has always been critical. Do not mistake the one who does Nothing. What is the demand From Bunin? Do not create publishers, financed the Bolsheviks, did Not return to the Soviet Union to help young Soviet writers. He denounced the Russian Federation in the story " Village ", But It's only words. And Bitter " smeared ". With Lenin And Stalin tried to play her game, he thought, cunning. Some positions have passed, others have won. So Then, But on a smaller scale behaved Fadeev, Simonov And Tvardovsky. This is the type of writer-activist. I have this complex, But respectful. Hate When they kick different creative " daffodils ". Not to marry an actress it is impossible - once Bitter quickly became popular. All his life He in the centre of literary Affairs, Everything around him spinning. Its special position explained: A) the fashion for " nation ", the naivety (mustaches, hats, ocaц?a, strong language), b) the eternal guilt of the intelligentsia before comes from the world of " the oppressed "), His deft opportunistic. That still closer To the truth?- most importantly, a very big talent! By "popular" writers most then mowed. But, of course, was external causes. Gorky was very "theatrical" personality. Any kind of "mask" was popular in the Silver age. And guilt before the intelligentsia people have experienced. And Bitter was Not an easy guy Nizhny Novgorod. He was a talented " Manager ", as stated Today. And to live loved in a big way, "family" was great, loved khlebosolova, litter day-Gami, And Is forced sometimes to work with " reputation." But assure that With this problem facing any "star" personality. The only question is its real scope And degree of talent.- Sharp turns in the biography of Gorky happened with the assistance of strong Women. Actress, the spy - who would Not be! Looking for features in the psyche of the playwright. And we like to be - to blame or to thank the femme, who influenced Gorky?- Let's be honest... Women are attracted to rich And famous men. Partovi, Not Karandyshev, if you remember the "Bride" Ostrovsky. Compare Gorky Paratov incorrect, But Karandyshev He certainly was Not. No features of the psyche was Not Here. To marry the leading playwrights of their Actresses was the tacit policy of the Moscow art theatre. Chekhov married Knipper, Bitter left Ekaterina Peshkova To Andreeva." Spy ", as you say, Maria Budberg crazy all men. She was offered the hand And heart of Not just anybody, And Hg wells, but she refused him. In reality, Not So many had bitter Women. In 40 years of literary activity He 25 volumes works of art have written the same letters, a lot of journalism. Created more than a dozen cultural institutions - from publishers "Knowledge" to the writers Union And the literature Institute. When he was " donewstate "? But, of course, fatal women of creative people on benefits. No wonder About Korolenko walked a cruel joke: to be a great writer, he needs to change his wife. Cruel, But this is something there.- After all: why today's students to read His "Mother" or " bottom "?- I'm Not a teacher, Not for me to judge. When I was a schoolboy, I had read, For example, "Selected passages from correspondence With friends" by Gogol, which at lessons is Not mentioned. Did Not understand, But the book shocked its style, iron, indisputable. At the same time I wept over "Little Prince" Exupery. Bitter at all, then passed Me, it seemed boring. A normal situation. As for the bottom I would put her on the school scenes, as in the British private educational institutions almost mandatory put Shakespeare. Then the children will wonder who will play Luke, who Sateen who is Actor And who is the Baron." at the bottom " - a perfect play in any role, you can show yourself as a person.- in March 1919, Gorky argued with a skeptic Unit of immortality. What is agreed: after a couple of centuries will meet again in the Summer garden And dosporish. What would you if anything happened, they asked?- the Block I'd ask only one thing: whether He was disappointed in the revolution in the last days of his life or not? To Bitter I have a lot of questions! Not sure I would dare to ask him. He's a stick can whack, if it does Not like. Serious was the man!
|
