Aå?vaghoÀ¹¸a( Buddhist poet, playwright, philosopher and preacher, who lived 1-2 centuries.)
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Biography Aå?vaghoÀ¹¸a
Born in northern India in the Brahmin family, presumably in g. Ayodhya (sovr. Audh), . received an excellent education, . then converted to Buddhism, . probably school Sarvastivada, . Parsva was a student (or his disciple Punyayashasa) and, . according to Vasubandhu, . Katyayaniputre even helped write a comment Mahavibhasha to abhidharmicheskomu heritage sarvastivadinov,
. Mahayanisty, however, called him among its major authorities - along with Nagarjuna and Aryadeva. Chinese and Tibetan historians report that he wrote to his poetry to music, often leading a group of bards, performed in public places Buddhist 'stanzas' of the futility and vanity of existence. He is credited with many works of which are true, perhaps only three.
Poem Buddacharita (Living Buddha) is preserved in the Sanskrit original in 17 'songs', in Chinese and Tibetan translations - 24. The poem is devoid of typical for the late period of high poetry (Kavya) complexity, as well as exaggeration in the descriptions of the Buddha, characteristic for the later 'Mahayana Puranas' like Lalitavistara (3-4 cc.). Among the most expressive scenes - meeting the description of Prince Siddhartha, the elder, sick and dead, who determined his decision to withdraw from the world, leaving the royal palace and the deposition of the demon Mara. However, . poem Aå?vaghoÀ¹¸a, . carefully examined the texts of the Tripitaka, . can reconstruct the religious and philosophical life of the Buddha era India, . first appearance of ascetic, . shramanskih circles and their teachers (Chapter 12 offers a poetic reconstruction of the teachings Arada Kalam, . first mentor of the Buddha - one of the earliest versions of Samkhya, . which has no doctrine of the three gunah),
.
Saundarananda (O Nanda and Sundari) belongs to the works 'embellished' courtly poetry. Its basic plot: Nanda, . brother Buddha, . grieving because of separation from his beloved Sundari, . but gradually beginning to realize the vanity of earthly desires (Buddha convinces him that, . that his chosen one as ugly in comparison with the heavenly nymphs, Apsara, . the monkey in comparison with her, . then, . when he wishes to have Apsara, . Ananda instructs him in, . even joy, . bestowed celestial women, . - The same vanity, . as fun, . bestowed by women of the earth),
. As a result, Nanda betrayed contemplative practice and become arhat.
Aå?vaghoÀ¹¸a was the author of one of the first Sanskrit plays - Shariputra-prakarany, on a plot which the Buddha drew his future famous pupils Sariputra and Maudgalyayanu. Play preserved only in fragmentary.
Aå?vaghoÀ¹¸a - one of the notable figures that determined the evolution of Indian Mahayana Buddhism in the direction of. In Buddacharite, describing the first sermon of the Buddha about suffering, the founder of Buddhism speaks of 'emptiness' of the body, he himself - 'master of the world' - points directly to the 'wide path' laid by the preceding Buddhas. Nanda in another poem, also not limited to their own liberation, but, like those who follow 'by the Bodhisattva', full of compassion for all beings (mahakarunya) and wants to remove them from the ocean of suffering.
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