Grigory Soroka (1823-1864). Creativity
Grigory Soroka - one of the brightest and at the same time, tragic stories of domestic art of the XIX century. Surprisingly poetic gift was Magpies truly tragic - the fate of serf artist to fully experience the hardships of forced position of the Russian peasant.
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Grigory Vasiliev (Soroka - his nickname) was born in the village of Protection Vyshnevolotsk County Tire province and was "in house man" landlord N. Milyukova
. From childhood he loved drawing, and in early 1840 happened important event in his life - meeting with a friend and neighbor Milyukov wonderful artist and a man Alexei Gavrilovich Venetsianov.
As early as 1820 Venetsianov, he said, to better establish themselves in a way that had chosen for himself then he began to take to her on her keep the poor boys and teach them painting. Teaching, as well as fine art Venetsianov were imbued with faith in the "bright-nature person," the future of grace people's feelings "and latent in ordinary people truly high capacity. Many of the students who unselfishly gave their souls and knowledge Venetsianov (there were over 70), met the expectations of teachers, amounting to one of the most remarkable phenomena of Russian painting of the first half of the XIX century - venetsianovskuyu school ". Noticing the ability of young men, Venetsianov took him to his estate Safonkovo.
Even the earliest of the
forty-show originality and the special charm of his talent. Album of sketches from the peasants of the surrounding villages (1842) suggests that the artist was initially characterized by live observation, sensitivity to the peculiarities of human character. The painting came from France (1843?), . in which he seemed to be walking in the footsteps of teacher, . Updated once a beginner Russian genre with the same name of, . some "awkwardness" and the student's stiffness swim naive directness of perception and loving attention to his native home.,
. Giving a Magpies quickly blossomed, and quite soon Venetsianov noted with satisfaction that in a letter to a significant "growth in his skills to such a" station "to which another" must ittit long time, "and other" did not get "
. Created
forty in the mid 1840's landscapes "Fishers", "View of the dam", "View of the estate Spasskoe" noted already mature talent and are among the best creations of Russian paintings in this genre.
. "Quiet and besporyvnye as Russian nature itself" (Nikolai Gogol), these landscapes are relaxed and some gentle, chaste beauty
. The artist achieves in images from his childhood he knew of places such inner harmony and proportionality, that they perceived as the world embodied the dream of happiness, peace, where there is peace and harmony. In this world of man and nature are united by a common and, principally, as it were "bewitched" rhythm. In whole merged here and poured all the soft golden flocks, . and the blue sky, . reflected in the mirror waters, . and graceful classical architecture, . and green clumps of trees, . and the figures of the peasants, . whose bright clothes, . almost stately posture and unhurried movements are forced to remember inherent in many of the Russian culture belief, . that "Russian dress better than the Greek tunic.",
. As part of this beautiful "enchanted" world perceived imprinted Soroko manor interiors, in particular, is truly precious in the picturesque embodiment Cabinet in the islands "(1844)
. In this spacious shaded room, the windows of which are seen the light given by the familiar landscapes Magpies lake, floating some sounding calm and ordinary things, furniture acquire arcane, poetic sense. With his characteristic close and affectionate attention passes Magpie features of various materials: matte shine of polished furniture, a warm, cozy yellowing svezhestruganyh plank walls with paintings hanging on them. A figurine of a boy squatting on the edge of the sofa with a book in hand, is perceived as the embodiment of spiritual grace and delicacy, which permeated the whole picture.
. Describing the charming portraits of the young Elizabeth and Lydia Miliukovs, art is not by chance often look to art masters of the Renaissance
. Indeed, . have something in common between the crystal-clear, . enlightened and filled with the spirit of humanism images of the Italian Quattrocento and imbued with love for man, . candid arts Magpies, . as well as his teacher, . "excellent goodness and simplicity of heart" and "firmness of spirit" which the artist depicted the fortress in a few portraits.,
. Reflected in the works and the Magpies were always present in his life, hostile, evil forces and circumstances
. In "Self-Portrait" (early. 1840.) With an outward calm of the artist in his eyes is read undercurrent of suffering, is seen increasingly intense vulnerability of his soul and helplessness in the face of reality.
And she, in fact, was to him no mercy. If other and less gifted pupils Venetsianov able to "ask the Lord full freedom", or
forty days, almost to the end was destined to languish in captivity. The owner, allowing him to join the high art and release the soul from the Crypt ", in the end proved to be a typical representative of" dirt feudalism "(an expression Venetsianov). He refused
forty in "free", forbade him to travel to St. Petersburg, forced to serve as a gardener. And when Venetsianov in 1847, resulting in an absurd accident, death, broken horses, life away from the art centers, spiritual loneliness and does have doomed the artist's talent to extinction. In the extant
forty, performed in late 1840 - early 1850's, there are discordant tones. Ample and free space in his landscapes give way to a shady corner of the park ( "The Chapel in the islands") or the shore of the lake, overgrown with reeds, among which hid the boy-fishing ( "Type in the islands").
. In 1850-1860-ies Soroka lived in his native village, he wrote for the image of village churches, tried to follow the example Venetsianov and teach painting their fellow countrymen.
. In 1861, after the abolition of serfdom, he spoke out against his former master, protesting against the predatory terms of "liberation"
. But the complaint remained unanswered. Soroka was charged with "spreading false rumors" and for "made rudeness" was sentenced to arrest and, apparently, to corporal punishment. Scapegoat for the disease, "he" longed "," go deep in thought about the village and 10 May (22) in 1864 was found in the burned place hut hanging ". So ended the life path of one of the cleanest lyricists in the history of Russian painting.
Biographies
- Bio T. V. Magpies, his portrait and one of the paintings on the portal "Culture of Russia".
