Efremov, Ivan Antonovich

Born in the village Vyritsa Tsarskoselskogo County Petersburg Province. Entered the Leningrad State University, but did not finish it. Some time he worked at the Geological Museum of the Academy of Sciences. External student passed his final exams geological department of the Leningrad Mining Institute. He worked as head of the Laboratory of the Paleontological Institute of the Academy of Sciences, led several expeditions. Work Ephraim "Taphonomy" formed the basis for new directions in paleontology, which allowed under paloegeologicheskih data to predict the location discovery of fossil remains, for this work was awarded the USSR State Prize in 1959.
. The first story "Meeting over Tuscarora" published in 1944
. The first major piece of Ephraim was the historical novel "The Land of Foam" (1949), soon supplemented by the second volume - "Journey Baurdzheda" (1953). However, the greatest fame and recognition brought him the "Andromeda Nebula" (1957) - philosophical and utopian novel about a communist future of civilization Earth. This novel had an enormous influence on the development of domestic fiction, and, in fact, secured its first flowering in 1960. In 1963 Efremov published novel "The Razor's Edge" and in 1968 published "The Bull's Hour" in which the communist world "Andromeda Nebula" is faced with antagonistic to him antiutopicheskim world planet Tormans. The novel was not quite to the court for the then leadership of the country, but to ban him for life of Ephraim did not dare, and only after the death of Ivan Antonovich in 1972, he was forbidden to distribute in libraries. By the time this action coincided with a planned ousting of publishing plans of almost all socio directed fantasy, grown on the books of Ephraim.
. In the name of Ivan Efremov named an annual award, established by the magazine "Ural pathfinder" and NGO Uralgeologiya ", which is awarded for contribution to the domestic fiction.
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