Nabokov Vladimir Dmitrievich

VD. Nabokov was born July 21, 1869, Mr.. in Tsarskoe Selo in a noble family. His father, a major dignitary Dmitri Nabokov (1827 - 1904), a member of the Judicial Reform 1864. in the Polish kingdom, later - Minister of Justice (1878 - 1885 gg.) descended from an ancient noble family, known since the XIV century. and based Russified Tartar prince Nabokov. Mother, Maria Ferdinandovna (1842 - 1926), came from the ancient Westphalian type of Corfu. Also in his family had three sons and five daughters.

Primary education he received at home, then went to the Alexander Lyceum in St. Petersburg. At the end of the Lyceum, he entered the Faculty of Law, St. Petersburg University, graduating in 1890.

From 1894 to 1899. VD. Nabokov had served in public office, and from 1895 to 1904. a professor of criminal law at the Law School. They were published studies, . reports and training manuals on various aspects of criminal law, . brought him fame as a criminologist: "Petersburg Congress of International Union of forensic", . "The Textbook of the special part of Russian criminal law Criminal Law in 1903", . "Collection of articles on criminal law", . Systematic collection of the Congresses of representatives of Russian correctional institutions for juveniles ", . "Duel and the Criminal Law" and other,
. Recognition of merit VD. Nabokov was reflected in his election as Secretary of the Law Society at St. Petersburg University and chairman of the International Union of Russian forensic.

Socio-political activities VD. Nabokov started in his student days, when a part in the disturbances was first arrested.

In 1898, Mr.. VD. Nabokov married Elena Ivanovna Rukavishnikova, and in 1899. they had a son Vladimir, who later became a famous writer.

Since 1898. VD. Nabokov, edited by liberal legal publication "Right" and "Journal of Law, a regular contributor to whom he remained until the closure of publications by the Bolsheviks (the other editor of" Rights "was I.V. Hesse, who became his close friend). In the early twentieth century. He also collaborated in the liberal magazine "Liberation", who edited P.B. Struve.

In 1903, Mr.. in the newspaper "Pravo" article appeared VD. Nabokov on the anti-Jewish pogrom in Kishinev, entitled "Kishinevskaia bloodbath". For the publication of this brilliant speech against anti-Semitism has been denied by the court title of gentleman of the bedchamber, and the right of teaching in the Law School.

In 1904 - 1905 he. VD. Nabokov took part in the congresses Zemsky. With his direct participation, were set up at first, "The Union of Liberation", and then the People's Freedom Party (Constitutional Democratic), in whose ranks he stayed until the end of his life. At the party, he held the middle ground. At the 1 st Congress of the Constitutional Democratic Party VD. Nabokov was elected to its Central Committee and served as deputy chairman of the Central Committee from 11 January 1906. to May 1906. and from March 11, 1907. before the First World War.

After the Constitutional Democratic Party VD. Nabokov was the editor and publisher of the print media: newspapers, Bulletin of the Party of People's Freedom "and" Speech "(one of the editors of the newspaper was I.V. Hesse), donated funds to the party. A vowel of the St. Petersburg City Duma.

Has strongly criticized the actions of the government during the Bloody Sunday.

In 1906, Mr.. VD. Nabokov was elected from St. Petersburg in the I Duma, which has become one of the leaders of the Cadet Duma faction. During the Duma, he served on the Duma to address the Emperor, about the bill on habeas corpus, at the request of the death penalty, the pogroms, etc.. Was proposed first in the Friends of the Chair of the State Duma, and then as secretary of the State Duma, but from both positions declined. VD. Nabokov was elected to the commission to count the notes on the election of the chairman of the State Duma, . as well as numerous commissions, . including the "Commission 33-x" to draft a reply address in the "commission of 19" to allow for the verification of the laws of the State Duma members and drafting the Instructions of the State Duma,
.

In June 1906. candidate VD. Nabokov was proposed Ph.D.. Trepov, Deputy Minister of Internal Affairs, as Minister of Justice alleged responsibility of the Ministry of.

In signing the Vyborg Appeal of passive resistance to the authorities in protest against the dissolution of the State Duma I VD. Nabokov was denied the right of parliamentary immunity and sentenced to three months' imprisonment, which is served in the Petersburg prison "Crosses". In 1913, Mr.. for correspondence in the case of M. Bayliss, he again brought to court.

In 1911, after reading in the "New Times", the famous Black-Hundred newspaper, a note, which hurt his honor, VD. Nabokov called her publisher A.S. Suvorin duel.

During the First World War, VD. Nabokov in the rank of lieutenant went to the front, where he served in the 318-th walking squad in the city of Novgorod Staraya Russa. In May, 1915. squad was deployed in g. Gaynash on the shore of the Gulf of Riga. Here VD. Nabokov the post of adjutant retinue. In Gaynashe of three brigades was established 434-Tikhvinskij Infantry Regiment, where he was appointed regimental adjutant.

During the war he actively collaborated in the press, leading in 1916. delegation of Russian journalists who have visited London, Paris and places of battles. Impressions from the trip, he published the book "of the warring England. During this period he was not directly involved in politics, but retained his contacts with the Constitutional Democratic Party.

In September 1915. VD. Nabokov was transferred to St. Petersburg, in the Asian part of the General Staff, where he served as business manager.

February Revolution VD. Nabokov met with enthusiasm, because I thought that it would destroy the oppressive rule. In 1917, Mr.. he became business manager of the Provisional Government, . organizing a system of government and participating in the preparation of key legislative documents, . including provisions on the election of the Constituent Assembly, . in the preparation of acts of abdication of Nicholas II and Mikhail Aleksandrovich,
. On March 3 he had declined to P.N. Milyukovs post of Finland Governor-General, because he considered himself not ready for this kind of activity.

In March, 1917. VD. Nabokov was again co-opted to the Central Committee of the Constitutional Democratic Party.

In May, during the first crisis of the Provisional Government, VD. Nabokov with P.N. Milyukovs and AI. Guchkov resigned, and then continued to work in the Legal meeting of the Provisional Government, which has prepared a number of important legislative. Also VD. Nabokov led the Literature and Art Publishing Division at the Central Commission for Constitutional Democratic Party, was one of three vice-chairmen of the Interim Council of the Republic of Russia (Pre-Parliament).

In the first half of 1917. VD. Nabokov was a supporter of cooperation with the Left Democratic Forces - the Mensheviks and SRs. Experience in coalition with the socialists in the Provisional Government had persuaded him of the ineffectiveness of an alliance with the Left and in August he became a supporter of establishing a military dictatorship, taking part in negotiations with General L.G. Kornilov.

As a consistent opponent of Bolshevism, VD. Nabokov did not accept the October Revolution. In November he was elected to the Constituent Assembly of the Kadet party, and November 23, 1917, Mr.. - Arrested as a member of the All-Russia Commission on the election of the Constituent Assembly. Released a few days later, he re-arrest by the Soviet government decree of November 28, 1917. in respect of the Cadet Party as "enemies of the Party". So he had with his family to go to Crimea.

Since November 15, 1918. VD. Nabokov held the post of Minister of Justice of the Crimean regional government, and in 1919. emigrated. For some time he lived in London and Paris. In England, VD. Nabokov published together with P.N. Milyukovs magazine "The New Russia", published in English-language Russian emigre Liberation Committee. While working on the edition they have any significant ideological differences that have made them for a few years implacable opponents.

June 1, 1920, Mr.. indoors Russian Reading Room in Berlin for the first time officially gathered the Berlin group of cadets. At the head of it immediately began to present at the meeting VD. Nabokov. In August 1920,. He finally moved to Berlin. However I.V. Hessen and AI. Kaminkoy he started on Nov. 5, 1920, Mr.. and began to publish a Russian-language newspaper Rul '. VD. Nabokov and I.V. Hesse became the unofficial leader of right-wing supporters among cadets. The newspaper VD. Nabokov tried to convince immigrants that "monarchists should enter into an alliance with the Cadets'. The theoretical basis for cooperation with the royalists was the formula "nepredresheniya" adopted by the right-wing Cadets. The implication was that the question of the state system of Russia was to be settled only after the overthrow of the Bolsheviks. AA. von Lampe thought that VD. Nabokov "leading the right wing Kadetstvo a monarchist camp.

During his short life in exile VD. Nabokov managed to publish his memoirs, as well as numerous magazine and newspaper articles, several books.

Views VD. Nabokov has undergone further evolution of the right: in 1921. he made a principled opponent of unification Cadet and SR political exile, rejected the "new tactics" P.N. Milyukova.

In 1922, during arrival P.N. Milyukova in Berlin, there was a reconciliation VD. Nabokov with.

A few days after the reconciliation, March 28, 1922, saving P.N. Milyukova of assassination monarchists during his speech at the Berlin Philharmonic, VD. Nabokov rushed to the terrorist, trying to disarm him, but was killed. According to the memoirs I.V. Hesse, "during the time of speech not a single protest, there has been not the slightest breach of the order <:>. But as has been declared a recess and invited speaker wishing to ask questions, to do so in writing, several people rushed forward, two of them cried out something, and suddenly flashed a shot. The surrounding P.N. Milyukova dragged him out of the room, AI. Kaminka and VD. Nabokov rushed to the gunman, VD. Nabokov caught his arm, after which they both fell to the floor. At this point, ran another terrorist, too, fired, and, freeing his friend, threw him to the door ".

VD. Nabokov was buried in the cemetery at Tegel, near Berlin. At his death all responded Abroad Russia.

Compositions:

Nabokov, VD. Warring England. Pg., 1916.
Nabokov, VD. Provisional Government / / Archive of the Russian Revolution. T. I. Berlin, 1921.
Nabokov, VD. Provisional Government / Our Heritage. 1990. ? 5.