Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (Bhutto Zulfikar Ali)

(1928-1979)
Born January 5, 1928 into a wealthy Muslim family in Larkana, India (now Pakistan). Educated in India, the USA and UK, California and graduated from the University of Oxford. In 1957, he worked in the Pakistani Mission to the UN, in 1963 became Minister of Foreign Affairs of Pakistan. In this position, tried unsuccessfully to reach a solution to the Pakistani-Indian dispute over Kashmir. Criticized President Ayub Khan signed the Tashkent Declaration of 1965. In 1966 he resigned from his post as Minister of Foreign Affairs, and in 1967 founded the opposition Pakistan People's Party (PPP). Called 'restore democracy', offering a program of economic reforms under the name of 'Islamic socialism'. He was arrested and imprisoned (1968-1969). At the parliamentary elections in 1970 PPP won a majority of votes in the western part of the country, but the victory was won by the Awami League, which campaigns for autonomy for East Pakistan. Succeeded by Ayub Khan, President Agha Mohammed Yahya Khan declared the election results null and void, causing a civil war, which eventually led to the formation of an independent state of Bangladesh. Yahya Khan was forced to resign, and December 21, 1971 Bhutto became president. Once the members of the British Commonwealth have recognized the independence of Bangladesh, he said the withdrawal of Pakistan from the Commonwealth. In July 1972, Bhutto agreed with Indira Gandhi on the challenge of Indian troops from the border and consolidating the position of army compounds in Kashmir. After the adoption of a new constitution in 1973, has made a purely ceremonial post of president, took over as Prime Minister. Served as Minister of Foreign Affairs, Defense and Internal Affairs.
In the general election in March 1977 won by the PNP. Opposition leaders claimed that the vote had been rigged, and launched a protest campaign that has led to a military coup. July 5, 1977 Bhutto was arrested. In September, General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq accused him of plotting. In March 1978, under the conditions in the country declared martial law, Bhutto was sentenced to death. Bhutto died in Rawalpindi, April 4, 1979.