HAECKEL Ernst Heinrich (Haeckel Ernst Heinrich)

(1834-1919)
Born February 16, 1834 in Potsdam. He studied medicine and science in Berlin, Wц?rzburg and Vienna University. In 1857 received her medical degree. From 1861 assistant professor, in 1865-1909 - Professor of University of Jena.
Strongest impact on Haeckel's Darwinian ideas had. In 1863 he made a public speech on Darwinism at the meeting of the German scientific community, and in 1866 published his book General Morphology of Organisms (Generelle Morphologie der Organismen). Two years later came The natural history of the creation (Natrliche schpfungsgeschichte; rus. translated 1914), where developing his evolutionary approach has been described in a more popular form, and in 1874, Haeckel published a man-made, or the history of human development (Anthropogenie; oder, Entwickelungsgeschichte des menschen; rus. translated 1919), which discussed the problems of human evolution. He is the idea of the existence in the historical past form, intermediate between ape and man, that was later confirmed by the discovery of the remains of Pithecanthropus o.Yava

. Haeckel developed a theory of the origin of multicellular (theory gastrula) (1866), . formulated the biogenetic law, . according to which the individual development of the organism as it reproduces the main stages of its evolution, . built the first family tree of the animal kingdom,
. Continuing its zoological research in the laboratory and in the course of expeditions to the island of Madeira, . Ceylon, . in Egypt and Algeria, . Haeckel published a monograph on radiolarian, . deep-sea jellyfish, . sifonoforam, . deep-sea angler fish -, . well as his last systematic work - an impressive Systematic phylogeny (Systematische Philogenie, . 1894-1896; rus,
. translated 1899).

After 1891 Haeckel entirely goes to the development of the philosophical aspects of evolutionary theory. He became an ardent apologist 'monism' - scientific and philosophical theories, aimed, in his opinion, to replace religion, founded the 'League monists'. Haeckel's views expressed in books Riddles (Weltrthsel, 1899; rus. translated 1937) and Miracle of Life (Lebenswunder, 1914). Died Haeckel in Jena August 9, 1919.