JOHNSON Philip (Johnson Philip)

(p. 1906)
The representative of the international style - trends in modern architecture, which gives preference to pure geometric forms and structures of steel and glass. Subsequently, Philip Johnson was the leader of post-modernism, within which a provocative and daring game with historical architectural shape and luxurious materials - marble, bronze, rare woods.
Johnson was born in Cleveland (pc. Ohio), July 8, 1906. In 1927-1930 he studied art history at Harvard University. In 1932-1940 and 1946-1954 he was head of the department of Architecture and Design Museum of Modern Art in New York.

In 1949 Johnson built his own Glass House in New Keynane (pc. Connecticut), which represents a cube with a full glass exterior walls, practically devoid of internal partitions. Architecture Glass House reflects the strong influence of teachers Johnson - German architect L. Mies van der Rohe, who worked from 1938 in the U.S.. Johnson owns such large projects, . as the Center of Dumbarton Oaks in Washington, DC (1963), . Sigrem skyscraper in New York, . constructed them along with Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (1956-1958), . as well as the two wings and a garden sculpture for the Museum of Modern Art (1964) and Theater of New York at the Center for the Performing Arts,
. Abraham Lincoln (1965).

In 1967, Johnson and Chicago architect John Burgi joined forces to create several original projects, such as the Center raznootraslevyh Investment Services in Minneapolis (pc. Minnesota), a complex of four glass buildings that surround a central courtyard area of 1858 sq.. m (1973); spectacular Crystal Cathedral in Garden Grove (pc. California, . 1980), . having an elongated shape in terms of the four-star; building for the American telephone and telegraph service in Manhattene (1984), . crowned with a broken pediment and large considered a masterpiece of postmodernism, the Republican Banking Center in Houston (pc,
. Texas, 1984) - a building made of red granite with stepped gables and the zigzag shape of. The gallery of Philip Johnson, open at the Museum of Modern Art in New York in 1984, is a permanent exhibition dedicated to the architecture 20 in.

See. the architecture.