Kekulц? von Stradonitz VON SHTRADONITS Friedrich August

(1829-1896)
Born Sept. 7, 1829 in Darmstadt. He studied architecture at the University Gisenskom, but after listening to the 1847-1848 academic year, lectures Yu Liebig in Darmstadt Higher Technical School, became fascinated with chemistry. In 1851 he left for Paris, he studied under J. Dumas, A. Wurtz and C. Gerard, worked briefly at Stenhauza in London. Upon his return to Germany, founded a small chemical laboratory in Heidelberg. He was assistant professor at Heidelberg (1856-1858) and professor at Ghent (1858-1865) Universities. From 1865 until his death served as professor of the University of Bonn.
In 1857 in the 'Annals' Kekulц? von Stradonitz Liebig published an article in which he expressed the idea of 'the four' (tetravalence) carbon atom. Idea, . that atoms of each element has the ability to 'saturation' (later it was called the valence), . was made in 1853 by E. Franklandom, . but Kekulц? von Stradonitz extended this idea of a carbon and bound her with the ability of carbon atoms in the saturation of its 'units of affinity' to form chains,
. This mechanical theory of atoms in the chain of connection with the formation of molecules formed the basis of the theory of chemical structure. In 1865 Kekulц? von Stradonitz suggested that the benzene molecule has the shape of a regular hexagon formed by carbon atoms, which are associated with six hydrogen atoms. By combining the idea of the formation of chains with the teachings of the existence of multiple bonds, he came to the idea of alternation in the benzene ring of simple and double bonds (similar to the structural formula proposed shortly before I. Loschmidt). Concept of Kekulц? von Stradonitz opened the way for the structure of many of cyclic (aromatic) compounds. In 1867 the scientist published a paper on the spatial arrangement of atoms in a molecule, which indicates that the connection of the carbon atoms can not be in the same plane. Kekulц? von Stradonitz engaged in research and unsaturated acids and synthetic dyes. Author of Organic Chemistry Textbook (Lehrbuch der organischen Chemie, 1859-1861). Among the students Kekulц? von Stradonitz - L. Meyer, H. Roscoe, Ya.Vant-Goff, A. Bayer and E. Fischer.

Kekulц? von Stradonitz died in Bonn on July 13, 1896.