Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (Fahrenheit Daniel Gabriel)

(1686-1736)
Born May 24, 1686 in Danzig (now Gdansk, Poland). He studied physics in Germany, Holland and England. Almost all his life lived in Holland, where he focused on the manufacture of accurate meteorological instruments. In 1709, alcohol produced in 1714 - mercury thermometer, using a new method for purification of mercury. For mercury Fahrenheit thermometer scale built, . having three reference points: 0 б° corresponded to the temperature of a mixture of water - ice - ammonia, . 96 б° - a body temperature of a healthy person, . well as the reference temperature was adopted value of 32 б° for the melting point of ice,
. Boiling point of pure water in Fahrenheit was 212 б°. Fahrenheit scale is used in many English-speaking countries, while gradually giving way to Celsius. In addition to making thermometers, barometers Fahrenheit process of upgrading and hygrometers. Also studied the dependence of the boiling point of liquid from the atmospheric pressure and the content of salts, discovered the phenomenon of supercooling of the water table was specific gravities of bodies. Fahrenheit died in The Hague on 16 September 1736.