CHANDLER, Raymond (Chandler Raymond)

(1888-1959)
Historians believe his detective genre, along with D. Hammett leading representative of the school 1920-1930-ies.
Born July 23, 1888 in Chicago. Childhood and young years spent mostly in England, studied at Dalidzh College, was Visiting Fellow at the newspapers 'Uestminster Gazette' ( 'Westminster Gazette') and 'Spectator' ( 'Spectator'). In 1919 he returned to the United States and started the oil business, but the crisis of 1929-1932 ruined him. In 1933 published the first stories in the popular magazine 'Black Mask' ( 'Black Mask'). The author of seven novels, including The Big Sleep (The Big Sleep, 1939), Lady in the Lake (The Lady in the Lake, 1943), Sister (The Little Sister, 1949), The Long Goodbye (The Long Goodbye, 1953).

His popularity Chandler must first and foremost way of the experienced private detective Philip Marlowe. In contrast to the amateur detectives of the classic works of detective fiction, . ridiculed by Chandler in his illustrious manifesto Simple Art of murder (The Simple Art of Murder), . Marlowe - a hard man, . cynical, . attractive in its unassuming - opposed to poor and corrupt world, . in which some guards sometimes act in concert with the bandits,
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Quite fully the writer's outlook on life and literature reflected in the Selected Letters Raymond Chandler (Selected Letters of Raymond Chandler, publ. 1981).

Chandler died in La Jolly (pc. California) March 26, 1959.