Ho Chi Minh (Ho Chi Minh)

(1890-1969)
Born May 19, 1890 in the province Ngean (now Ngotin, Central Vietnam). Shortly before the outbreak of World War II went to Europe on board a merchant ship as a deckhand. He settled in London, where he worked for some time in the kitchen grill bar in the hotel 'Carlton' the famous chef Auguste Escoffier. Then sailed to the United States, and after returning to Europe, settled in Paris where he worked as assistant photographer.
Ho Chi Minh City is actively involved in the activities of the French left-wing forces in a number of years attending their meetings and rallies, writing articles. During this period he used the pseudonym Nguyen Ai Quoc (Nguyen-patriot). In 1919, when signing the Treaty of Versailles, Ho Chi Minh appealed to the leaders of the victorious powers to demand the freedom of the peoples of Indochina.

In 1920, Ho Chi Minh City attended the congress of the French Socialist Party at Tours, which broke with its left wing, thus creating the French Communist Party (PCF). In 1921 participated in the creation intercolonial Union and has written numerous articles for the newspaper 'Le Paria' ( 'Pariah'). In 1923 he went to Moscow, where he stayed to examine the issues of party building. In 1924 participated in the 5 th Congress of the Comintern. From 1925 to 1927 was listed as a translator in Russia's consulate in Canton (now Guangzhou, China). It was during this period, Ho Chi Minh organized the Association of Revolutionary Youth of Vietnam for the training of young Vietnamese revolutionary struggle. Together with the Indian Communist MN Roy founded the League of oppressed peoples.

In 1929, as a representative of the Comintern worked underground in Siam (Thailand), which was called in Hong Kong (Hong Kong), to reconcile the Vietnamese communist factions. That he succeeded in 1930 with the formation of the Communist Party of Vietnam, in the same year, transformed, at the insistence of the Soviet leadership, the Communist Party of Indochina. Ho Chi Minh City is the eastern Bureau of the Comintern on the 3 rd Congress of the Communist Party of the South Seas in Singapore. Narrowly escaped arrest and execution in Hong Kong and then traveled to Shanghai, and then again in the USSR. In 1941, in Japanese-occupied Indochina, established the League of the struggle for independence of Viet Nam (Viet Minh). Under his command it for some time cooperated with the U.S. and Nationalist China in countering militarist Japan. Ho Chi Minh was arrested by the Kuomintang government and spent a half years in prison. After the surrender of Japan, Viet Minh took power in Indochina in hand. Independent government of Indochina led by Ho Chi Minh.

In 1946, Ho Chi Minh led the Vietnamese delegation at the conference in Fontainebleau, which was adopted by the French side as the head of state. However, the conference convened for the settlement of relations with Vietnam Indochina Union and France, was unable to solve this problem. In December 1946, troops of North Vietnam attacked the French forces in Tonkin, . that unleashed the first Indochina war, . ended with the defeat of the French at Dien Bien Phu in May 1954, . signing of a peace agreement at the Geneva Conference of 1954 and the partition of Vietnam at the 17 th parallel,
. In Ho Chi Minh, North Vietnam actively helped to find under the supervision of the Communist National Liberation Front of South Vietnam in its struggle to overthrow the government in the South, which is supported by the U.S..

In 1955-1956 the government of Ho Chi Minh carried out agrarian reform, in subsequent years, weaving between the USSR and China, received assistance from the two communist powers, in spite of the differences between Moscow and Beijing. In 1965, with the beginning of American bombing of North Vietnam, Ho Chi Minh City took the position of uncompromising struggle and rejection of any negotiations in the ongoing military aggression.

Umer Ho Chi Minh in Hanoi on September 2, 1969.