Konstantin Simonov

Konstantin Simonov (Kirill) Mikhailovich (1915 - 1979), poet, novelist, playwright. Born on November 15 (28 NS) in Petrograd, was brought up by his stepfather, a teacher of military school. Children passed in Ryazan and Saratov.

After graduating in 1930, seven years in Saratov, went to factory training to learn from turner. In 1931 the family moved to Moscow, and Simon, graduated from the exact mechanics are factory training, goes to work at the plant. During these years, starts to write poetry. He worked until 1935.

In 1936 in the journals "Young Guard" and "October" was first published poems Simonov.

Finished Literary Institute. Maxim Gorky in 1938, Simonov enrolled in graduate school the institute (Institute of history, philosophy, literature), but in 1939 was sent as a war correspondent in Halkin-Gol in Mongolia, and the institute did not return.

In 1940 he wrote his first play "The History of a Love", performed on the stage of Theater. Lenin Komsomol in 1941 - the second - "A guy from our town".

He spent a year on the course for war correspondents in the Military-Political Academy, received the rank of quartermaster second-rank.

Since the beginning of the war he was in the army, worked in the newspaper "Military flag". In 1942 he became a senior battalion commissar, in 1943 - the title of lieutenant colonel, and after the war - Colonel. Most of his war reports were published in "Red Star". During the war, wrote the plays "Russian people", "Wait for me," It will be "novel" The Days and Nights ", two books of poetry" With you and without you "and" War ".

As a war correspondent visited on all fronts, has passed through the lands of Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Poland and Germany, was present at the Battle of Berlin. After the war, there were collections of his essays: "Letters from Czechoslovakia", "Slavic friendship", "Yugoslav Notebook", "From the Black Sea to the Barents Sea. Notes of a war correspondent ".

After the war, during the three years he served in several foreign missions (Japan, USA, China).

From 1958 to 1960 he lived in Tashkent as a correspondent for Pravda, the republics of Central Asia.

First novel, "Comrades in Arms" was released in 1952, then a big book - "The Living and the Dead" (1959). In 1961 Sovremennik Theater Simon's play set the "Fourth". In 1963 - 64 wrote the novel "Soldiers are not born". (In 1970 - 71 he wrote a continuation - "Last Summer".)

. By Simon scenarios were delivered films: "A guy from our town" (1942), "Wait for Me" (1943), "Days and Nights" (1943 - 44), "The Immortal garrison" (1956), "Normandie-Niemen" ( 1960, together with S. Spaakomi, E. Tirol), "The Living and the Dead" (1964)


. In the postwar years, social activities Simonova evolved as follows: from 1946 to 1950 and from 1954 to 1958 he was chief editor of the New World ", from 1950 to 1953 - chief editor of the Literary Gazette, from 1946 to 1959 and from 1967 to 1979 - Secretary of the Union of Soviet Writers,
.

In 1974 he was awarded the title Hero of Socialist Labor. Simonov died in 1979 in Moscow.

Used materials kn.: Russian writers and poets. Brief Biographical Dictionary. Moscow, 2000.


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Konstantin Simonov (Kirill) Mikhailovich (15.11.1915, Petrograd - 1979), writer, poet. Hero of Socialist Labor (1974), six-time winner of the Stalin Prize (1942, 1943, 1946, 1947, 1949, 1950). The son of an officer. Educated at the Literary Institute name M. Gorky (1938). From 1930 he worked as a fitter. In 1931 he moved to Moscow and entered the aviation plant. Then worked as a technician in Mezhrabpomfilm. His works were published in 1934, the first poem - "Paul Black" (1938), celebrates builders White Sea-Baltic Canal. In 1938 and 1950-54 editor of the Literary Gazette. In 1941-44, a war correspondent of the newspaper "Krasnaya Zvezda". In 1942 joined the Communist Party (b). In the play "A guy from our town" (1942), "The Russian Question" (1946), etc.. developed the theme of man at war. Enormous fame has brought him "war poetry, including such poems as" Do you remember, Alyosha, the Smolensk road, "" Wait for me "," Kill him "etc.. His work "The Russian people" awarded with an honorable right to be published in the newspaper "Pravda". In the 1944-46 editor in chief of "The Banner" in 1946 - the newspaper "Krasnaya Zvezda". In the 1946-50 editor in chief of the New World ". In 1946 - 54 Deputy. Secretary General of the Union of Soviet Writers. In 1946-54 member of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR ... In 1952-56 member of the CPSU Central Committee. In 1954-58 again headed the "New World". Simultaneously, in 1954-59 and 1967-79 Secretary of the Union of Soviet Writers. In 1956-61 and since 1976 member of the Central Auditing Commission CPSU. In the post-Stalin period created a central piece of his work - the trilogy "The Living and the Dead" (1959-71), for which in 1974 received the Lenin Prize.

To use material from the book.: Zaleski KA. Stalin's empire. Biographical Encyclopedic Dictionary. Moscow, Veche, 2000


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* * *

A. Surkov

. You remember, Alyosha, the Smolensk road,
. How were the endless, vicious rain
. How Krynki carried us weary women
. Pressing as children from the rain to her breast,

. As they wiped away tears stole,
. How to wake us whispered: "God save you!"
. And once again called himself a soldier's
. How old days the custom of great Russia.

. Tears measured more than versts,
. It was the path, hiding in the hills of eyes:
. Villages, village, village to the churchyard,
. As if they all converged Russia,

. As if for every Russian village boundary,
. Cross his hands protecting the living,
. All the world come together, our ancestors prayed
. For in God do not believe his sons.

. You know probably all the same homeland --
. No home town where I lived a holiday,
. And those municipalities that grandfathers passed,
. From simple crosses their Russian graves.

. I do not know about you, but I was with a village
. Road anguish from village to village,
. With widows tears, and woman's song
. New war on the country roads are gone.

. You remember Alesha: chalet near Borisov,
. In the dead girl's wailing cry,
. The gray-haired woman in salopchike velveteen,
. All in white, dressed as death, old man.

. Well, they say, what we could to comfort them?
. But woe to realizing his womanish intuition,
. Do you remember the old woman said: "friend,
. As long walk, we'll wait. "

. "We'll wait for you!" - Told us pasture
.
"We'll wait for you!" - Said of the forest. You know
. Alyosha, the nights I think
. What's behind me they are going to vote.

. The Russian custom, only the fire
. On Russian soil scattering the behind
. Before our eyes, stopped by comrades
. In Russian rvanuv shirt on his chest.

. We were bullet with you yet miluyut

. But, three times believing that life is all over,
. Still, I was proud of the most dear,
. For the Russian land, where I was born,

. Because of her dying bequeathed to me,
. With Russian mother gave birth to us in light,
. What escorting us to battle, a Russian woman
. In Russian three times I hugged


. 1941

. HOMELAND
. Referring to the three great oceans,
. She lies, spreading the city,
. It is covered with a grid of meridians,
. Invincible, broad, proud.

. But in the hour when the last grenade
. Already entered in your hand
. And in a brief moment to remember all at once should
. All we have left far,

. You remember not a great country,
. What you have traveled and learned
. Do you remember home - such
. What is it you saw in my childhood.

. A patch of land, falling to three birches.
. Long journey for Leskov
. Rechonku with scratchy relocation,
. Sandy Beach - a low willows


. That's where we were fortunate to be born,
. Where all my life, before his death, we found
. Tu handful of earth, which is good,
. To see in it the signs of all the earth

. Yes, you can survive the heat, in a storm, in the cold,
. Yes, you can starving and freezing,
. Go to the death ..
. But these three birch
In life no one can give.

1941

HARSH ANNIVERSARY
Comrade Stalin, slyshish Do you have?
You should hear us, we know it.
Not mother, not his son - in this grave hour
We'll remember the very first.
Even such a harsh anniversary
None of us knew for his life,
But the heart of this man
Only stronger tempered in battle.
During the celebrations passed before you,
Not thinking of the sorrows of war,
Who knew one of us, that we would be the fate of
With you in this day-parted?.
. Know, then, that in the terrible hour of parting
. Only harder this heart,
. Only the stronger of the oath may clenched hands,
. Only the best will recall the sons of his father. "
. Those that are accustomed to your holiday with you
. In the old days to meet the walls of the Kremlin
. They met that day on the field
. battle;
And their blood stained the ground..
They are everywhere: from the fiery South
From the fortifications under native Moscow
Up to our seats, where the northern blizzard
In the trenches sweeps with head
. And if in this day we are not in rows
. On festive tread squares,
. And, punching his way with bayonets,
. Crawled forward through the snow and rocks,
. Let Inform includes a summary,
. What now, too many words to say,
. His bayonet sticking in silence the enemy's throat,
. We are celebrating October

. And those of us who are on this day in battle
. To the glory of dear homeland fall --
. In their gaze, as the last apparition,
. Today the Red Square will be held.
. Comrade Stalin, the heart and soul
. With you until the end of your sons,
. We firmly believe that will come with you
. By the decision of the victorious war
.
Neither the victim nor the loss, no suffering
People love not dampen --
Only strengthen the friendship ordeal
And the battle loyalty Russian fix.
We know that even go out into the square,
Extracting the victory with his own hand.
We know that you will see
Over the festive folk River.
There, on the day of victory will be seen again
Thy coat soldier simplicity --
Your home, after harsh battles
Some features of the aged.

1941 November