Martin Bormann (Bormann)

Bormann, Martin (Bormann), (1900-1945?), Reichsleiter, Deputy Chief of Staff of the Fuhrer's personal secretary and closest confidant of Hitler, who became the end of the war the most powerful man of the Third Reich after Hitler. Born June 17, 1900 in Halberstadt in the family of Sergeant Cavalry Regiment. Before finishing high school, he worked in an estate in Mecklenburg. At the end of the 1-st World War II was drafted into the army, served in the 55 th Field Artillery Regiment. After the war he returned to farming, worked the Local Inspector. At the same time he joined the far-right association "Volunteer Corps," Mecklenburg Rossbaha group, whose aim was "to help liberate Germany from the traitors, thrust her knife in the back". Together with Rudolf Franz Hess, . future commandant of Auschwitz, . Bormann participated in the murder of Walter Kadova, . his former teacher in elementary school, . false accusations, . that during the occupation of the Ruhr, he gave the French authorities Albert Leo Schlageter, . later elevated to the rank of the Nazi propaganda "martyr",
. In March 1924 Hess was sentenced to 10 years in prison, and Bormann, as an accomplice to the crime, got off a year of detention in prison Leipzig.

After his release he joined the National Socialist Workers' Party of Germany. Persistently rising on the Nazi hierarchy, Bormann in 1937 became the press - Secretary of the NSDAP in Thuringia. The following year, when he was Gauleiter, he was appointed manager of the affairs of the Party of Thuringia and at the same time a member of the high command of the SA. Already in 1929 Bormann married Gerd Buch, daughter of the deputy of the Reichstag, which was greatly admired Hitler. To please her husband, she became a fanatical supporter of the national socialist ideology. Hitler was a witness at their wedding. Gerd bore 10 children, calling the first-born Adolphe in honor of the Godfather. In 1930, Borman led the fund Hilfskasse, created them to help his fellow party members, were injured in bloody street battles with the Communists.
.
. Becoming chancellor, Hitler appointed Bormann's chief of staff to his deputy Rudolf Hess
. In October 1934 Borman becomes Reichsleiter, except that he was a deputy of the Reichstag from the Nazi Party. As a major specialist in the intrigues and political struggle, Bormann apparently was aiming at a very high position in the Third Reich. He led the financial affairs of Hitler and was a leader, and indeed the master, Hitler's huge stock, which consisted, as you might guess from the tax deductions Industry. By order of the Fuehrer Bormann acquired in Braunau am Inn house where Hitler was born, his parents' home in Leonding, as well as a range of private estates in Obersalzberg.

. During the 2-nd World War, Bormann was a close ally of Hitler
. May 12, 1941, two days after Hess flew to Britain, Hitler appointed Bormann as his deputy in the Nazi Party and the leader of the newly created Office of the Party. In this position, Bormann spared no effort to strengthen the party as against the Wehrmacht, and against the SS, in addition, find more time, keep an eye on attacks on Christians. With its amazing capacity for work, he wrote hundreds of memos on how to deal with the Jews, Slavs, prisoners of war and how to behave Gauleiter.

April 12, 1943 Borman added his titles to another - the secretary of the Fuhrer. Comrades in the party called Bormann's "gray cardinal", "iron chancellor", his enemies called him "the Machiavelli of an office desk". He truly was a force in the shadow of Hitler's throne. For unbiased appearance hid a classic wheeler-dealer, the mighty observer who has worked secretly and outsmarted all his rivals, sought to win the Fuhrer. Contemporaries described him as a small, stocky man in ill-fitting uniforms on it bureaucracy with a portfolio under his arm, always work for their own interests.

. Once leaver just before its end, this man had almost absolute power in the Third Reich
. When the other betrayed, Bormann remained loyal to the Fuhrer, who told him: "My most loyal ally". Already isolated and defeated the Fuhrer had contact with the outside world only through Bormann. True Paladin signed Hitler's political testament. He was a witness at the marriage ceremony, Hitler and Eva Braun. One of his most recent decrees, Hitler appointed Bormann Party minister in the government.

Bormann was a witness as the flames devoured the body of Hitler in the courtyard of the Reich Chancellery. For several hours he tried to negotiate with the Allies, but to no avail. Then he disappeared from fyurerbunkera. The fate of Bormann is still shrouded in secrecy. Some witnesses testify, . the evening April 30, 1945, . when still in the courtyard of the Reich Chancellery going out the corpses of Hitler and Eva Braun, . Bormann seen among the surviving inhabitants of the bunker, . to get out, . hoping seep, . advantage of the darkness, . through Russian military formations,
. He just sent a telegram to Admiral Karl Doenitz, in which he said of his impending arrival, retaining, apparently, hope to find a place among the members of the new government. Some claim that Bormann was killed trying to cross the position of vanguard of the Russian. According to Erich Kempki, driver of Hitler, Bormann was killed by a shell exploding nearby. And according to obergebitsfyurera Artur Axman, head of the Hitler Youth Union, Bormann committed suicide by swallowing cyanide capsules after it became clear that pass through the Russian order can not be. With such a discrepancy in the testimony of witnesses is difficult to consider the death of Bormann proven.

In 1946 the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg tried Bormann in absentia and sentenced him to death. Since then, has been repeatedly reported that Bormann had seen in different parts of the globe. In 1947, he allegedly met in the North. Italy, where one of the monasteries it was granted asylum. Some SS, he was hiding in Lombardy more than two years, asserted that Bormann had died in this monastery, and even the approximate location of his burial. The investigation was inconclusive. Some testified that greeted him in the guise of a businessman in South America - favorite refuge fleeing Nazis. In 1973 the writer Ladislav Farago claimed that Bormann had lived in Argentina and that he had a millionaire. There was evidence that he died of cancer in Chile ... Traces of this person lost, and so in April 1973 West Court officially declared dead on the basis of Bormann's identification of the skeleton, excavated near Hitler's bunker - a bridge between Veydenhammer and Lehrter station in Berlin. The court ordered otherwise: alleged, proof of cancellation, and reports if the meetings took place with Bormann subsequently ignore. Nevertheless, Simon Vezental, who led the Vienna Documentation Center (archive), disagreed: "Some doubts as to whether the bones found in Berlin, owned by Bormann, still remain."

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. Bormann (Bormann), Martin (17.06.1900, Halberstadt - 02.05.1945, Berlin) party activist, Reichsleiter (10.10.1933), Obergruppenfiihrer SS Obergruppenfiihrer CA
. Summer of 1918 called for military. Participant 1-st World War: an ordinary 55-second foot artillery regiment. He served as orderly and in military operations did not participate. In 1919 demobilized. He took courses and agricultural specialists (1920). During his studies joined the "Association against the domination of the Jews" - the youth association Germanskoy National People's Party (DNFP). Since 1922 member of the Volunteer Corps in Parhime, was a member of the brigade, Lieutenant G. Rossbaha. With a. Hesom 31/3/1923 organized participated in the murder of a schoolteacher and member of the team Rossbaha - Walter Kadova charged that he gave the French occupation authorities Z. Schlageter. At trial, 15/5/1924 murder Kadova was recognized as "unintentional". In 1925, Bormann left the Germanskoy People's Party and became interested in Nazism. In 1926 he became assistant deputy Gauleiter of Thuringia and editor of the weekly "National Socialist" G. Ziger. 27.02. 1927 joined the NSDAP (Party ticket? 60508), and soon became the press secretary Gauleiter F. Sauckel. On 01.04.1928 the head of economic department in the leadership Gow and head area. On 15.11.1928 he served in the headquarters of the SA Supreme Command, where he worked in the insurance CA. In 1929-30 worked with Mr.. Himmler established a mechanism of financial operating.

In August 1930 Borman organized and became the manager of the NSDAP Benevolent Fund (support for families whose members were killed or injured and the cause of National Socialism), was transferred to the imperial leadership of the NSDAP. Provided from funds controlled by him to fund personal services to Hitler in t.ch. organized at home and buy land in Oberzaltse, where we set up "an estate Fuhrer." Soon, very soon came to Hitler. On 03.07.1933 the Chief of Staff Deputy Fuhrer of the party P. Hess. Since November 1933 member of the Reichstag. Conducted the "cleansing" in the apparatus of the Nazi Party in 1934-36, tried to replace its appointees "old men", which aroused great hatred among them. Strong support for the destruction of the SA senior management during the "Night of Long Knives". Since 1935 Bormann was entrusted to the organization of party congresses. From 1938 the de facto head of personnel policy manual NSDAP. Administration has made the front bodyguard of Hitler and. Dietrich, as well as the resignation (1940) Adjutant Fuhrer. Bruckner and remove other adjutants F. Wiedemann and SW. Schaub. Its main virtue was considered the ability to report to Hitler's case clearly, it is clear, understandable and without comments. However, he is usually a selection of facts was such that Hitler could only take the necessary decision Bormann. By 1936 Bormann was virtually "shadow" of Hitler, not leaving it virtually "for a minute, accompanied him on all trips. Supervised training on the basis of oral orders of Hitler circulars, directives, etc.. Documents. In 1936, officially left the church. In 1937, forbade the adoption of the NSDAP "people clergyman". One of the instigators of the program of euthanasia, is implemented by the private office of the Fuhrer led F. Bowler.

After the flight of Hess to Britain 10/05/1941 Bormann was absolutely necessary for Hitler, but he has not received all the posts of his chief. Imperial Minister without portfolio and member of the Council of Defense of the Reich. During the war with the Soviet Union opposed plans for a. Rosenberg on autonomy for some peoples of the USSR - the Ukrainians, the Baltic countries, as well as against a "Russian Liberation Movement, led by General A. Vlasov. 27/1/1943 instructed "to use weapons and corporal punishment" to the Soviet prisoners of war. Actively opposed efforts by a. Speer in February 1943 to strengthen the role of the Imperial Council of Ministers and thus reduce the influence of the party apparatus. During the war, Bormann joined the informal "Committee of Three (G. Lammers, B, Keyteya, Borman), which is concentrated in the hands of Hitler all communications with the outside world only through them, it receives the reports, information. In 1944, the resignation has Lammers, becoming the main and only approximate Hitler. Using his position, Borman has a sharp decline in the authority Hitler Goering, D. Himmler AND. Goebbels and other top leaders of the Reich. 29.02.1944 amounted to a note on "Strengthening of the Germans, and the future", aimed at strengthening the detailed regulation of fertility in Germany. 30/05/1944 prohibited prevent people without trial, make short work of downed pilots.

Before his death, Hitler appointed Bormann Nazi Party leader. He died trying to break through May 2 from the encircled Berlin. Bormann's body originally was discovered, and the fact of his death was not confirmed. Therefore, it believed in hiding and he was held in absentia as the main war criminals to justice by the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg. At his trial he was found guilty of numerous crimes and sentenced to death. Later his body was found, but one hundred percent identification was not possible. This led to a number of legends that Bormann is hiding in Latin America and t: p. 04.04.1973 Frankfurt prosecutor's office has officially confirmed that Bormann died in May 1945. However, only the final examination in 1998 certified that the remains found in Berlin owned Bormann.