OHIGGINS Bernardo (OHiggins)

O'Higgins (O'Higgins), Bernardo (20.8.1776, Chillц?n, - 24/10/1842, Lima), one of the leaders of the Revolutionary War the Spanish colonies in America, 1810-26, state and military leader of Chile. A Son. O'Higgins, the captain-general of Chile (1788-96) and viceroy of Peru (1796-1801). O'Higgins was educated in Peru, Spain, UK. Back in Chile (1802), involved in the movement for liberation from Spanish colonial yoke. He held the post of governor, Mr.. Chillц?n, was a deputy of the National Congress (1811), was a member of the government junta (1811-14). In 1813-14 chief of army of patriots. In October 1814 joined the Liberation Army of X. San Martin and together they defeated the Spaniards at Chacabuco (February 1817). He headed the Government of Chile as the supreme ruler in 1817-23. Signed the Declaration of Independence of Chile (January 1818), abolished the columns, taxes, public elementary school founded and led others. reform. The opposition of the reactionary conservative circles of the landowning oligarchy and the tops of the church O'Higgins forced to resign (1823). He emigrated to Peru, where he died in poverty.