Galton (Golton) Francis

(1822-1911), English psychologist and anthropologist. First developed on the basis of experimental and mathematical methods of teaching about the existence of individual-psychological differences between people - differences psychology. Under the influence of one of the principles of evolutionary theory of Darwin, Mr.. explain these differences mainly hereditary factors. Raising the question of the role of these factors in personality development is innovative, but the exaggeration of their importance has led to a one-sided conclusions, ignores the social nature of man. G. believed that the improvement of human nature can be solved by inference based on the laws of heredity race gifted, mentally and physically strong people (eugenics). In order to diagnose mental qualities of personality invented several devices, . have been widely used in the practice of laboratory research, . developed the scientific method, . allow to clarify the relationship between heredity and the external influences (^ method of twins'; methods for studying the association of ideas, . shaped memory and T,
. etc.). Considering that among the various (physical and mental) properties of individuals are correlations established statistical methods to determine which were the basis of factor analysis, widely used in modern. Psychology and Sociology. K G. goes the idea of using tests to determine individual differences ( 'Study of human abilities and their development' 1883