Bulgakov Yakov Ivanovich

(1743 - 1809); education in the school of Moscow University. In 1761, Mr.. Bulgakov was recorded at the service of the College of Foreign Affairs, traveled to Warsaw by courier with the news of the death of Empress Elizabeth and the accession to the throne of Peter III, in Vienna - with news of the accession to the throne of Catherine II. Two years later, Bulgakov was appointed to Warsaw, where he served for four ambassadors, first secretary and later an advisor Repnin embassy sent to Constantinople to make peace, and took an active part in negotiations. In 1777, Mr.. Bulgakov as the Secretary was accompanied by the same Repnin with troops in Teschen, where Congress met for Bavaria. Then, together with Potemkin Bulgakov made a distinction Novorossiysk province from the Polish Ukraine, which signed the act of January 5, 1781, Mr.. May 20 the same year Catherine II appointed Bulgakov's a very difficult diplomatic position of envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary at the Porte. Bulgakov's main objective was to weaken the impression which was to make the Turks had already prepared the Crimea to Russia. In 1783, Mr.. He concluded with the Porte shopping treatise. During the same year the Crimean Khan Shahin Giray has transferred its ownership of the Empress Catherine II. In the summer of 1787, Mr.. Catherine II was in the Crimea, where people come and Bulgakov, where he received instructions on the future course of action in his Constantinople. Upon his return to Constantinople Porte Bulgakov refused to accept the final accession of Crimea to Russia and began to demand the revision of all the treatises with Russia. Bulgakov resolutely refused to accept these proposals and on the same day was declared Musafiri, or a guest of the Sublime Porte, and taken to Edikul or Semibashenny Castle. Although supervision Bulgakov was strict, but he managed to get a secret plan of the Turkish military operations at sea and give it to the Russian government. In October 1789, already under Sultan Selim III, Bulgakov was released from Constantinople. Catherine II awarded him the money and estates in Belarus, and appointed him ambassador to Warsaw, where he stayed for 4 years. Paul I, on the accession to the throne, appointed Bulgakov's civil governor of Vilna and Grodno provinces. Bulgakov was a great lover of literature. As a student, he placed his translations of "useful entertainment" (1760 - 61). During his imprisonment in Constantinople Bulgakov studied translation 27-volume "World Traveler" Abbц? de la Porte. Translation withstood two editions. Three editions have translated his Boyardovoy poem "Love Roland". His correspondence with Potemkin was published in The Russian Messenger "(1814, III). - Wed. biography of him in "Moscow Telegraph" (1831) and in the Moscow Gazette 1855, Mr.. (P. Bartenev).