AMPERE Andre MriI (Ampere Andre-Marie)

(1775-1836)
Born January 22, 1775 in Paul, near Lyon, in an aristocratic family. He received education at home. With 14 years of reading the Encyclopedia of Diderot and ZH.D 'Alambera had a great interest in science and mathematics, he studied mathematical works of Euler, Lagrange and Jean Bernoulli, in 18 years - celestial mechanics P. Laplace and Analytical Mechanics J. Lagrange.
From 1796 Ampц?re gave lessons at Lyon in mathematics, chemistry and languages. In 1801 he obtained a position teaching physics and chemistry at the Central School in Bourg-en-Bresse. In 1804, after the publication of a small, . but who had the success of the Reflections on the mathematical theory of games (Considrations sur la thorie mathmatique de jeu) and the completion of a series of experiments with electrical machines Amper joined the Lyons Lyceum, . a year later was invited to lecture on mathematics at the Ecole Polytechnique in Paris,
. In 1809 Ampц?re became a professor of the Polytechnic, and in 1814 was elected a member of the Academy of Sciences. At the same time scientists began to research the relationship between electricity and magnetism (this range of phenomena called the Ampere electrodynamics).

September 11, 1820 Ampere was present at the meeting of the Academy, which was reported on the opening H. Oersted of electric current on the magnetic needle. After appropriate experiments, . learned a few days later, presented the Academy received its first important results: he formulated a rule for determining the direction, . which was rejected by an arrow near the conductor (usually Ampere), . law of interaction of electric currents (Ampere's law),
. Subsequently developed the theory of magnetism, according to which the basis of all magnetic interactions are circular molecular currents (Ampere's theorem). Thus, he first pointed out the close relationship between electrical and magnetic processes. In 1822 Ampц?re discovered the effect of magnetic coil with a current - solenoid.

Ampц?re died in Marseilles 10 June 1836.