Jules Henri Poincare (Poincar Jules Henri)

(1854-1912)
Born April 29, 1854 in Nancy. He studied at the Lycц?e Nancy. Higher education in the Ecole Polytechnique in Paris, then in the School of Mines, graduating in 1879. In the same year he defended his doctoral dissertation. Since 1881 - Professor of Mechanics, University of Paris, the head of the department of physics, astronomy and celestial mechanics.
A large number of works of Poincare mathematics involves the solution of problems of celestial mechanics, in particular the problems of three bodies. Tackling it, the researchers examined divergent and built a theory of asymptotic expansions, developed the theory of integral invariants, studied the issues of sustainability and shape of the orbits of celestial bodies. Fundamental discoveries Poincare concerning the behavior of integral curves of differential equations, is also associated with the decision of problems of celestial mechanics. Poincare published a large number of works on the theory of so-called automorphic functions, as well as differential equations, topology, probability theory. Among his works - 10-volume course in mathematical physics (Cours de physique mathmatique, 1889 and later), the monograph Theory of Maxwell and Hertz oscillations (Thorie de Maxwell et les oscillations hertziennes, 1907). Poincare - author of several popular science works - The value of science (Valeur de la science, 1905) and Science and Method (Science et mthode, 1908).

Poincarц? used the methods of mathematical physics for solving problems of heat conduction, electromagnetism, hydrodynamics, elasticity theory. In 1904-1905 formulated the principle of relativity, showed that it is impossible to detect absolute motion, based on the concepts of ether and Maxwell - Lorentz. Proposed the first version of the relativistic theory of gravitation. Poincare was a member of many academies of sciences, was awarded medals Dzh.Silvestra, Lobachevsky and others.

Poincare died in Paris July 17, 1912.