ALI

ALI, pasha of Yanina (Albanian) ALI, pacha de Janina (1744-1822) - son of the local Bay and one of his wives. Not being the son of "beloved wife", had no inheritance and was engaged in banditry on the roads. He was arrested and as punishment forced ozhenen with one of the many daughters of Kц?rten Pasha of Berat (Southern Albania). Then he was invited to the service of one of the enemies Kц?rten Pasha, who lectured Ali, one of his daughters as a second wife. With his second test, they were able to ensure that the Turkish authorities have condemned Kц?rten Pasha and sentenced to death. In 1787, Mr.. Ali took his place and received the title Derbe Pasha. He proved himself in war with Austria and Russia, after which it becomes Pasha of Ioannina. In this position, engaged in fraud to taxes, which, instead of what would be sent to Istanbul, leaving himself and soon becomes one of the richest people in the Balkans. This caused envy neighbors who have natravlyat on him by his Christian neighbors. In 1797, Mr..

Kampoformiysky world has destroyed the political structure of the region. Using this Ali Pasha declared the independence of Albania and began to fight for its recognition of Europe. Attempt to establish contact with France did not take place because of the Franco-Turkish War, in which Ali Pasha remained loyal to the Sultan. However, it is possible to considerably expand the territory at the expense of neighbors. As Turkish poddany, assisted the Russian Mediterranean squadron Ushakova, which sends him to the French prisoners. Abruptly ended the Russian-Turkish alliance, did not allow him to make a great favor and the only thing he left - these prisoners, who helped him organize the foundations of statehood. Using his former relationship with the Russian, deception was able to gain the confidence of the Christian population and destroyed much of it. What led Russia, using its protectorate over the Ionian Islands in 1804, Mr. join the fight against Ali Pasha, who immediately took the side of Napoleon.

By the treaty of Tilsit in 1807, Mr.. Russia left the Balkans and the Ionian Islands. However, these Frenchmen took them without giving Ali Pasha of new territories, and he entered into negotiations with Britain, ended inconclusively, tk. England needed an alliance with Russia. Unless. allies him to guarantee an independent status, is not satisfied, however, Turkey. In 1819, Mr.. Ali Pasha entered into an alliance with the Greeks and with them rose in revolt against the Sultan. The Turkish army entered Albania and in 1820, Mr.. besieged Yanina. The siege lasted almost a year and ended with the surrender of the city. Ali Pasha had fled to a Christian monastery on an island. Sultan sent a delegation to him with a letter of pardon, but at the time of its adoption, attacked the Ali Pasha, and, after a brief battle with his guards, Ali Pasha was killed. His head for three days was exhibited on the square in Istanbul.