Alcide De Gasperi (De Gasperi Alcide)

(1881-1954)
Born April 3, 1881 in g.Peve-Tezino near Trento (Austria-Hungary, now Italy). With 17 years was an active member irredenty, proitalyanskoy Party NAM. After graduating from the University of Vienna in 1905, De Gasperi was the chief editor of the printed edition of the party 'New Trentino' ( 'Nuovo Trentino'). From 1911 until the end of World War I was a deputy of the Austrian Parliament. When after the war went to the Trentino region of Italy, De Gasperi was elected to the Italian Chamber of Deputies of the Italian People's Party. After coming to power, Mussolini was arrested and sentenced to prison (1927). After liberation from 1931 to 1941 he worked in the Vatican Library. Created by him during World War II resistance groups became the basis of the Christian Democrats, whose chairman he became in 1946.
After the liberation of Italy in 1944, De Gasperi was appointed minister without portfolio in the government of Bonomi, Minister of Foreign Affairs in the following offices Bonomi and Parry, and in late November 1945 - Prime Minister. Activities of his first cabinet was completed in June 1946 in connection with the country's transition from monarchy to republic. The second and third surgeries, like the first, were the coalition, with the participation of Communists. 21 May 1947 De Gasperi formed a fourth study, in which for the first time after his release did not include representatives of the Communist Party and other leftist organizations. However, in December, De Gasperi include representatives of the center-left Republican and Socialist parties. General elections in April 1948 brought the Christian Democrats an absolute majority in parliament. After that, De Gasperi has repeatedly served as prime minister. In July 1951, formed his seventh cabinet. In the same year participated in the Ottawa Conference of NATO and led the talks in Washington with U.S. President Harry S. Truman. In June 1953 the four-coalition De Gasperi gained a slight majority in both houses of the Italian Parliament, however, when the Chamber of Deputies has expressed distrust of his new Cabinet, De Gasperi resigned. De Gasperi died near Trent on Aug. 19, 1954.