Le Chatelier, Henri Louis (Le Chtelier Henri-Louis)

(1850-1936)
Born October 8, 1850 in Paris. He studied at the College Rolland in Paris, the Ecole Polytechnique, the Higher School of Mines. He worked as a mining engineer in Algeria and Besancon. From 1877 to 1919 - Professor of the Paris Graduate School of rock, from 1898 to 1907 - Professor of general chemistry at the College de France, from 1907 to 1925 - Professor, University of Paris.
Most of the works of Le Chatelier devoted to applied problems. In 1881, together with M. Berthelot and F. Mallarom he began exploring the processes of ignition, combustion and explosion. These studies led him to create an original method of determining the specific heats of gases at high temperatures. By studying the processes occurring in blast furnaces, and faced with the need to measure high temperatures, Le Chatelier pyrometer developed in 1886 - an optical instrument that measures the temperature of hot bodies on their color. Improved methodology for the study of metals and alloys, and created a metallographic microscope (1897), with which it was possible to study the structure of opaque objects. In 1884, formulated the principle of dynamic equilibrium, now bearing his name. According to this principle, . system, . in a state of stable chemical equilibrium, . with external influences (change in temperature, . pressure, . concentration of the reactants, etc.) tends to return to equilibrium, . compensating effect of,
. Le Chatelier's Principle is used to simulate different processes. Le Chatelier was awarded many prizes: in 1886 he became a Knight of the Legion of Honor, in 1916 received the Davy Medal of the Royal Society of London. In 1907 he was elected a member of the Paris Academy of Sciences, in 1927 - a foreign member of USSR Academy of Sciences. He died in Le Chatelier Miribel-les-Eshel September 17, 1936.