Edwin Powell Hubble (Hubble Edwin Powell)

(1889-1953)
Born November 20, 1889 in Marshfilde (pc. Missouri). In 1910 he graduated from the University of Chicago. After two years studying law at Oxford University (England), worked as a lawyer. In 1914 he started working at Yerkes Observatory, then was a member of the Mount Wilson Observatory and Mount Palomar. Proceedings of the Hubble laid the foundations of modern extragalactic astronomy. In 1923 he discovered variable stars - Cepheids in the Andromeda Nebula. Showed that the spiral nebulae are galaxies, ie. independent star systems, and are far outside the Milky Way. This meant that our galaxy - not the only star system in the universe. Later Hubble studied many of these nebulae, he called extragalactic. In 1925 was the first detailed system of classifying galaxies by shape and other characteristics. Showed that galaxies are distributed uniformly in space, measured their radial (radial) velocity. In 1929 found that most of the galaxies receding from us, with radial velocities between the motions of galaxies and the distance they have a linear relation (Hubble's law). This discovery was the observation based on the concept of an expanding universe. His research Hubble concluded in widely publicized books The World nebulae (The Realm of the Nebulae, 1936) and the supervisory approach to cosmology (The Observational Approach to Cosmology, 1937). The merits of the scientist received numerous awards: Medal of Barnard (1935), . Bruce Medal of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific (1938), . Medal of the Franklin Institute's Benjamin Franklin (1939), . Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society of London (1940),
. Hubble died in San Marino (pc. California) September 28, 1953.