Dio Chrysostom (Dion Chrysostomos)

Dio Chrysostom (Chrysostom); Dion Chrysostomos, Latin. Dio Cocceianus of locust in Bithynia, ca. 40-115 years. n. e., Greek orator and philosopher. The representative of the second sophistry (cm. Sophists 2.), A student stoic Musonius. Deep-educated, he began quite early political career and public appearances. He moved to Rome, where he struck up friendly relations with the Emperor Titus. In 82 g. Being involved in a conspiracy against Domitian, was banished. Severe wandering life influenced changes in attitudes D. H. Of the sophist he became a philosopher Cynics. Called from exile by the Emperor Nervo, again began his career as a politician, philosopher and rhetorician. It reached its peak under Trajan, who became for him the embodiment of the ideal ruler. - From the creative heritage AX. survived 80 speeches (among them two written by his disciple Favorinus).

The most famous speeches include I-IV on the management (Peri basileias), where AX. lists the features of a true ruler, such as gentleness, justice, wisdom. In these speeches he entertained Trajan. The most famous and one of the finest speeches AX. VII is Evbeyskaya speech (Euboikos), containing an idyllic description of the nature and the glorification of life on her bosom, and the praise of poverty. Speeches VI-VIII-X are the Cynic Diogenes: Diogenes or the tyranny (Diogenes e peri tyrannidos), Diogenes, or about the virtues (Diogenes e peri aretes), Diogenes, or Isthmian speech (Diogenes e Isthmikos), Diogenes, or Slavery (Diogenes e peri oiketon). These speeches wearing apologetic nature, are an expression of admiration AX. life and views of the famous philosopher. This Trojan XI (Troikos) is a kind practiced by the sophists paradoxical negation. AX. it proves that Troy did not exist, and what it tells about Homer, is a lie. They XI Olympic (Olympiakos), delivered in Olympia, is a valuable source for the study of religious and aesthetic views AX.

In speeches XIV and XV of Slavery and Freedom (Peri duleias kai eleutherias) AX. questioned the legitimacy of the existence of the institution of slavery. In a speech XVIII On the choice of Greek reading (Peri logu askeseos) prescribes the reading of Xenophon, for in his works, he sees a pattern of political and judicial rhetoric, as well as exemplary simplicity. Speeches XXVIII-XXX - a collection of funeral orations: two on the death of a soldier Melankoma (Melankomas te taksei) and one on the death of Haridema (Charidemos). In speeches XXXI-XXXV: speeches in honor of the cities (Rhodes, Alexandria, Tarsus and Kelayna) - AX. proclaims the need for appropriate training of politicians, dreaming about the rule of philosophers. It XXXVI Borisfenskaya (Borysthenikos), is interesting from the standpoint of the history of Olbia, an echo of travel in Dacia and Borisfen, is, in essence, a lecture on the fair city-state and tsarsvovanii gods. Speeches XXXVIII-LI Vifinskie (Bithyniakoi logoi) also relate to the state and control. AX. here as a politician and defender of the common good (homonoia). Literary questions concerns speech LII About onions Philoctetes Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides (Peri Aischylu kai Sophokleus kai Euripidu e peri tu Philoktetu tokson). AX. compares the delineation of Philoctetes and his bow version of the abduction of the three Greek tragedians.

With this speech is related speech LIX Philoctetes (Philoktetes), which is a paraphrase of the prologue and first scene of the tragedy by Euripides with the same title. AX. was heavily influenced by Stoicism and Cynicism. He was a popular philosopher, sympathized with the poor and resentful, but his principle was "philanthropy". JH, moderate attitsist, took a sample of Plato and Xenophon. His speeches are an important source for the study of cultural history, especially the Greek East to 100 g. During his life he imitated Favorin later - Maxim Tire Elian, Himalia and Kinesy of Cyrene, the author of a monograph on DH. For later writers AX. was a classic oratory.