BLACK, Joseph

BLACK, Joseph (16.IV 1728 - 6.XII 1799) - Scottish chemist and physicist, member of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (1783). Born in Bordeaux (France). He studied at the universities of Glasgow and Edinburga.V 1756 - 1766 Professor of the University of Glasgow, in 1766 - 1797 - University of Edinburgh.

The founder of Physical Research in the field of calorimetry. Invented the ice calorimeter. In 1762 introduced the concept of latent heat and performed the first measurements of the latent heat of ice melting and vaporization. Observed that the temperature of melting ice and boiling water does not change. Pointed out the difference between the amount of heat and temperature. Introduced the concept of "heat" of the body (1770) and the term.

Member of the St. Petersburg (1783) and the Paris Academy of Sciences.