Alekseev Nikolai Nikolaevich

Alekseev, Nikolai Nikolaevich (1879-1964), Russian philosopher, jurist. Born May 13, 1879 in Moscow. He graduated in 1906 Faculty of Moscow University and was left at the department of philosophy of law to prepare for a professorship. His supervisor was PI Novgorodtsev. In 1908-1910 trained at European universities, attended lectures Georg Simmel, B. Windelband, G. Cohen, A. Bergson and others. In 1911 he defended his master's thesis "the social sciences and natural history of their interaction methods". Since 1916 - Professor of Moscow University. After the February Revolution, he worked in publishing the Interim Committee of the State Duma, took part in the preparations for the elections to the Constituent Assembly. In 1918 - Professor Taurian University in Simferopol. In 1922-1931 - Professor of Russian Law Institute in Prague, later - Professor of Russian Scientific Institute in Berlin. He left Germany after the Nazis came to power. He taught first at the Sorbonne, and in 1940-1949 - the University of Belgrade. Since 1950 he lived and worked in Geneva. Alekseev died in Geneva March 2, 1964.

Alekseev was one of the theoreticians of Eurasianism, developed primarily for state-legal program of the movement. Taking stock of the European philosophy of law, . based on the concept of 'natural law', . Alexeyev stressed the unity of the legal and moral aspects in the life of the state and appealed to the relevant experience of ancient statehood (the ideal of Holy Russia as a 'state - the truth'),
. In Russia - Eurasia, according to Alexeyev, a strong state power implies spiritual elite ( 'the Order of the spiritual'), which has absolute moral authority in society and acting in the interests of the majority. Alekseev believed that instead of 'objective' (regulatory) law must come right 'adjusting', much more rooted in the cultural and historical experiences of the people and in his religious and metaphysical tradition. In economic terms, he championed the idea of 'public-private economic system', designed to resolve property and class stratification of society and provide some regulation of economic relations. The object of philosophical knowledge, thought Alekseev, is 'the world as a whole' and this is the special role of philosophical experience, and it differs from other sciences, which explore the individual elements of reality.