Bartolome Gotha

The instructions of Grand Duke Ivan III after Trahaniotu and Yaropkinu, sent in 1492 to germanskomu Emperor Maximilian, and stateynyh lists these after reading the news that in Lц?beck, at that time lived B. Lyubchanin, printer book, which the prince of Moscow generously for his valuable service to him and his ambassadors, among other things, he translated for them the letter, writing "in German, the high language". He served his sovereign's people not only a translator of foreign credentials, but played "sovereign's no matter what comes to him", giving an oath to keep this secret (cm. Monuments of Ancient Russia diplomatic relations with foreign powers ", t. I, Art. 88, 104 - 106). For more information about B. found in foreign sources: B. had a printing shop in Lц?beck, where he published books from 1480 to 1492, then, according to the Lц?beck Chronicle Reymara Kok, B. went to Russia and some time worked in Moscow, printing, and when he wanted to return home, Russian robbed and killed him. Thus, the personality of B. associate the beginning of printing in Moscow, and, judging from the data, the printing press in the Moscow State worked long before the generally accepted date of 1564 (cm. S. Arseniev, "Readings in the Imperial Society of the historical monuments of Russia" for 1909, Prince. IV, p. 17 - 20, chronicles the author's needs even in strictly scientific test, the more so because his work refers to the time after the reign of John III and B.). In addition, the early appearance in the service of the Moscow government foreign agents, such as AB, Moscow kept the au courant of outstanding events in the West, explains how since the late XV century (see. A. Sobolewski, "Translated literature Muscovy XIV - XVII centuries", p.. 45, 46) fell to us the manuscript and printed leaflets, which are considered precursors of the present European periodicals. B., of course, or send via our ambassadors or themselves brought more interesting news from Western Europe. - Wed. A. Shlosberg, "Beginning of the periodical press in Russia (St. Petersburg, 1911, ch. IV). A. Shlosberg.