Filippo Brunelleschi (Brunelleschi Filippo)

(1377-1446)
Born in Florence, began the creative activity as a sculptor. The bronze relief of the Sacrifice of Isaac (the museum of Florence Cathedral) created them in 1401 as a contest entry for the right to perform new doors for the Florentine Baptistery. Brunelleschi's lost in this contest by Lorenzo Ghiberti, and then focused on the architecture. For 16 years, during which the construction of the dome of Florence Cathedral (1420-1436), and until his death in 1446 in Florence by Brunelleschi raised a number of buildings, architecture, essentially giving a new impetus. In the parish church of San Lorenzo, . became the family church of the Medici, . He first built a sacristy (constructed in 1428 and is commonly called the Old Sacristy, . Unlike New, . Michelangelo built a century later), . and then rebuilt the whole church (1422-1446),
. Foundling Hospital (Ospedale degli Innocenti, . 1421-1444), . Church of Santo Spirito (begun in 1444), . Cappella Pazzi family in the courtyard of the Franciscan monastery of Santa Croce (begun in 1429) and several other great buildings of Renaissance Florence are associated with the name of Brunelleschi,

. If the issues of authorship and dating of these buildings periodically provoke debate, . then no one has ever questioned the fact, . that the new language of architecture, . created by Brunelleschi and seized by his followers, . meant a decisive break with the medieval past,
. New style of searching for support and inspiration in the architecture of ancient Rome, as well as details of the buildings in the classical Roman style of Tuscany, like the Florentine Baptistery, and besides - the Byzantine and Islamic buildings. Expressed most clearly in the interiors of the Old Sacristy and Pazzi Chapel, the style differs a clear logic of composite solutions and visual harmony. Portions of buildings combined system of proportions and repeatability of strict geometric shapes, . They underlined with nostrums Brunelleschi - contrast brightly lit wall panels and parts jewelry, . made of a dark stone,
. Referring to his sculptural experience, Brunelleschi require close attention to the carved elements - such as capitals, pilasters, the breakup that led to the approval of the Florentine in construction of new standards of skill and beauty. Perhaps no one else from the masters of early Renaissance did not just organically combine theoretical concepts with their practical implementation. Brunelleschi died in Florence on April 15