Houari Boumediene (Boumedienne Houari)

(1927-1978)
Born near Helm (Algeria), 23 August 1927 to a peasant family. He studied in Tunis, in 1951 entered the University of Al-Azhar University in Cairo, where friends with the officers of the organization of Nasser's 'Free Officers' and before returning to Algeria in 1955, underwent training in guerrilla warfare. In 1958, Boumediene was appointed commander of all the bases National Liberation Front (ELN) in western Algeria and Morocco, in 1960 became chief of staff ELN.
After independence in 1962 under the control of the army supported the Boumediene Ahmed Ben Bella. Boumediene became defense minister in the government of Ben Bella, and after the election of 1963 - Vice-President of the Republic of Algeria. June 19, 1965 coup d'ц?tat, headed the Revolutionary Council and declaring himself president.

Boumedienne has created a number of new state institutions, starting with the local assembly (1967) and ending with the National People's Assembly (1977). In 1976, released by the National Charter for political purposes and a new constitution, adopted by referendum. Will complete the nationalization of Ben Bella (especially the oil industry) and began to implement agrarian reform, under which land was redistributed and introduced new methods of agriculture. In 1975, trying to gain access to the Atlantic coast, saying the claims of Algeria to Western Sahara. Boumedienne died in Algeria on Dec. 27, 1978.