Diogenes of Apollonia

In the 420-ies. BC. lived and taught in Athens. From the works of Diogenes of Apollonia preserved only fragments

. Diogenes of Apollonia revived the thesis of Anaximenes of the air-foremothers, . synthesize it with the teachings of Anaxagoras of space "mind", . which he regarded not as a particular substance, . but as an inherent property of the "air", . and the concept of empty space in Leucippus,
. In the infinite void filled with air, resulting in condensation and rarefaction are born and break countless worlds, the proper device which ensured the presence in their space "Reason.

Diogenes of Apollonia argued that the four elements of Empedocles' teachings must be "identical in its nature", tk. otherwise they could not transform into each other and interact. Diogenes of Apollonia actually formulated the Platonic-Aristotelian notion beskachestvennoy matter (Aristotle was aware that Diogenes of Apollonia had anticipated his theory of opposites substrate). Identifying this always identical in their "inakoveniyah" (a key term in Diogena Apollonia) substance with air (which is itself devoid of qualities), . Diogenes of Apollonia first to use teleological argument: the regularity of cosmic cycles and the "best of all possible device" the world can be explained only prudent and sensible activity generating it begins in the meantime, . of biology and physiology is known, . and thinking that life-giving substance - the soul-breathing-air,
. Air - not only genetic, but Manager of the principle of peace: as such - he is "god" who "rules". Effect of Diogenes of Apollonia is felt in the Stoic concept of "air" and "Providence."