Niels Henrik Abel

(05.08.1802 year - the year 06.04.1829)
Norway (norwey)
ABEL, Niels Henrik (Abel, Niels Henrik) (1802-1829), Norwegian mathematician. Born August 5, 1802, near Stavanger, in the family pastor. In 1821 at the end of the parish school entered the University of Christiania (Oslo). After graduation, received his Ph.D. Philosophy. Winter 1822-1823 performed most of the scientific work on the integrability of differential equations, and as a bonus he was appointed to the state grant. In 1825-1927, after graduating from university, Abel traveled to Europe, met with many famous mathematicians (A. Legendre, Cauchy, etc.). During this period in mathematical journals were published about a dozen of his articles (in particular, . in the 'Journal fr die reine und angewandte Mathematik'), . In autumn 1826 he presented a report at a meeting of the French Academy of Sciences, . on the transcendental functions,
. Returning to Oslo in the spring of 1828, Abel gave lessons, and soon, thanks to the efforts of French mathematicians who have turned to the King of Norway Bernadotte, was temporarily vacated seat professor at the University. Abel died in Frolande near Arendal April 6, 1829.

Abel, according to C. Hermite, 'left such a rich heritage of mathematics that they will have something to do in the next 500 years'. The most famous of his discovery relates to the field of algebra: in 1824 he proved that the algebraic equation of degree 5 and above in the general case undecidable, and gave particular types of equations, which have the solutions (Abelian groups). Abel belong to fundamental results in the field of integral calculus: he studied integrals of algebraic functions, brought a so-called. Abel's theorem on finite number of independent integrals of this kind, developed the theory of Abelian integrals and Abelian functions. Engaged in elliptic functions and the theory of equations.