Atkinson, Richard Chatham

Atkinson (Atkinson), Richard Chatham (genus. 19/3/1929, Oak Park, ea. Illinois) - American psychologist, the representative of cognitive psychology. In 1944, Mr.. enrolled in the University of Chicago (Bachelor of Philosophy, 1948), in 1955. doctorate in philosophy at the University of Indiana. Since 1956. by 1957. taught applied mathematics and statistics at Stanford University (California), with 1957. to 1961. it - an associative professor of psychology at the University of California Los Angeles, from 1961. by 1964. - Associative professor of psychology at Stanford University, and 1964. by 1980. - Professor of Psychology. Since 1980. works in the University of California San Diego as a professor of cognitive science and university chancellor. Since 1975. by 1976. He - Deputy. Director of the National Science Foundation in 1976. by 1980. - Director. Member of the National Academy of Sciences (1974). Member 18 of the International Psychological Congress in Moscow.
. As a methodological grounds was guided by the 'computer metaphor', conducting a parallel between the cognitive processes of man and the transformation of information into the computing device
. Known for his studies of acoustic-verbal short-term memory and long-term semantic memory. In them he relied on the notion that memory is a dynamic and growing multi-level system.
In 1968. offered its three component model of memory, . in which the information first enters the sensory registers, . where fractional seconds are stored in the form of very precise equivalent of external stimulation, . then - if they match the preservation - falls, . subjected Transcoding as perceptual signs, . in short-term storage, . where it is constantly restored by the recurrence within tens of seconds, . then be translated into long-term storage, . where it is stored in a semantic form (in the conceptual codes) for a very long time ( 'Human memory: A proposed system and its control processes' (Joint,
. with Shiffrin RM), in: 'The Psychology of Learning and Motivation: Advances in Research and Theory', V. 2, NY, 1968 (Ed. Spence KW, Spence JT)). Some investigators have not accepted this theory, especially because of the situation that different systems of memory information is stored in a different form (D. Deutsch, P. Shepard).