Mц?LLER Hermann Joseph

(21.12.1890 - 5.04.1967);
Corresponding Member of USSR Academy of Sciences

After graduating in 1910. Columbia University G. Mellerrabotal in the same university in the laboratory TG Morgan, sozdatelyahromosomnoy theory of heredity. In developing this theory G. Mellervnes very important contribution. Since 1921. worked at the University of Texas. V1927 g. He made his major discovery - has proved that obluchenieioniziruyuschey radiation causes an inherited changes-mutations. It was this discovery has brought its author almost 20 letNobelevskuyu Prize (1946). In 1933. Muller on priglasheniyuN.I.Vavilova arrived in the Soviet Union and until the spring of 1937. worked vInstitute Genetics, USSR Academy of Sciences, where he headed the department issues a gene imutatsy. Under his leadership, young employees working Egan, then became prominent scientists - A.A.Prokofeva-Bel'govskaya, ML Bel'govskaya, Yu Ya Kerkis, NN Medvedev, and others. In addition to working in Egan, Muller lectured in the USSR, played with the popular statement ideygenetiki and the theory of evolution, strongly criticized the racist theories, which were then put into practice came to power in Germaniifashisty. In December 1936. Muller took an active part in publichnoydiskussii with Lysenko and his supporters. The nature of this debate inachavshiesya repression soon convinced him that it is impossible to remain vSSSR, and the spring of 1937. Muller left Moscow and went vohvachennuyu Civil War Spain. Here he neprodolzhitelnoevremya worked in an international brigade of blood transfusion, which operated on the Republican side. Studies oblastigenetiki Meller continued in Britain, where at the end of kontsovvernulsya in the United States, becoming a member of Indiana University. In 1934 g.Meller was to report Vavilov was elected a member-korrespondentomAN USSR, and in 1948. he published an open letter osuzhdayapresledovaniya geneticists and the defeat of the science perpetrated by Lysenko iego accomplices. In connection with this letter USSR excluded Moller izchisla its members (restored in the lists of members of the USSR in 1990). Dar experimenter was combined with the talent in Muller theorist: D20-th years he published a great job of the gene as the basis of life, . B60-s of the formulated ideas about the genetic load and the so nazyvaemomhrapovike Moller, . considered to be an important contribution to evolutionary genetiku.Zasluzhenno Muller is ranked among the greatest geneticists pervoypoloviny century,
. Prior to his departure from the USSR, . coincided with obostreniemrepressy, . that killed several of his friends and colleagues, . and the beginning of persecution of genetics, . Moeller followed levyhpoliticheskih views, . sympathized with the communist movement,
. Vdalneyshem he repeatedly sharply criticized totalitarianism.