BARRIE, James Matthew

BARRIE, James Matthew (Barrie, James Matthew) (1860-1937), English playwright and novelist. Born May 9, 1860 in Kirrimyure (county Forfarshir, Scotland). It was the ninth child of a weaver. Primary education in Kirrimyure and Forfar. By passing the preparatory course at the Academy of Dumfries was enrolled at Edinburgh University, graduating in 1882. From January 1883 to October 1884 worked in the newspaper 'Nottingham Journal'. March 27, 1885 went to London, where he lived until his death.
During 15 years (1885-1900) Barry was engaged in literary activity. At this time written all his novels: a bad melodrama "Better to die" (Better Dead, 1888), "Small servant" (Little Minister, 1891), "Sensitive Tommy" (Sentimental Tommy, 1896) and its sequel "Tommy and Grisel" (Tommy and Grizel, 1900). In these books a lot of Scottish dialect and local sayings, odd, humor, pathos and sentimentality, and sometimes different notes in secret bitterness.

After 1900 Barry wrote books for children, accounting for the story of Peter Pan, and plays, which he is best known for. The first stage success Barry became the dramatic statement of his version of "Little servant" (1897). However, only "Quality Street" (Quality Street, 1901; rus. translation under the name. "In the back lanes, 1906), a brilliant comedy, depicting England in the early 19., Introduced it in terms of outstanding playwrights of the time. Consolidated the success of the play, . among which the best, . perhaps, . were "Amazing Crichton" (The Admirable Crichton, . 1902), . "Peter Pan" (Peter Pan, . 1904), . "What every woman knows" (What Every Woman Knows, . 1908), . "Looks, . as dvenadtsatifuntovaya bill "(The Twelve Pound Look, . 1910), . "Kiss Cinderella" (A Kiss for Cinderella, . 1916), . "Dearest Brutus" (Dear Brutus, . 1917), . "Old lady shows his medals" (The Old Lady Shows Her Medals, . 1917), . "Mary Rose" (Mary Rose, . 1920), all of these works are marked by the same qualities, . that the early novels,
. Almost all his plays Barry was accompanied by very detailed, verbose stage directions, published a few years after the successful premier of the play as successfully sold out. In Barry's plays are often mixed reality with fiction, and humor and comic situation enveloped bright sadness.

The present writer has brought glory to the image of Peter Pan, the boy from the Country Nikogdanii, who did not want to grow up. For the first time his image has appeared in two earlier books by Barry. In the novel, "Tommy and Grisel" is referred to stray from their parents a baby who was very glad that I lost, but is afraid that it still will seek and make you grow. Then about a boy who did not want to grow, it was explained in detail in six chapters of a children's book "White Bird" (The Litle White Bird, 1902; rus. translated 1918), emerged later as a separate book under the name. "Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens" (Peter Pan in Kensington Gardens, 1906) with illustrations A. Rekema.

On the stage play "Peter Pan" was first staged in December 1904 in London, Charles Froman. The main characters were friends of Peter Pan - Dear Wendy, . her brothers John and Michael, . dog nanny, Nana, . whimsical fairy-Din Dili-Don, . and lost boys, . fierce pirate Captain Hook-Hook, . who, instead of one hand the terrible iron hook, . and relying on a set of Red Indians, . pirates and various beasts,
. Peter and Wendy and fairy incited her brother to flee the country Nikogdaniyu; friends take up residence in an underground house, bathe in the lagoon, are facing a multitude of terrible adventures and after his victory over Peter pirates return home. In 1911, Barry reworked the play in the story "Peter and Wendy"

. Barry has received many accolades: in 1913, was made a baronet, . 1922 was awarded the Order of Merit, and in 1919-1922 became the rector of Saint Endrusskogo University, . in 1930-1937 - Chancellor of the University of Edinburgh, in 1928 was president of the 'Society of Writers',
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Barrie died in London on June 19, 1937.