Tolman (Tolmen) Edward Chase

(14.04.1886 - 19.11.1959, Berkeley) - American psychologist, founder of 'cognitive' direction neobiheviorizma. By program book 'goal-seeking behavior in animals and man' (Purposive behavior in animals and men) (1932). His version of psychology was opposed elementaristskomu approach J. Watson and based on the idea of a holistic, or 'molar' approach to the analysis of behavior. Unit of behavior recognized holistic act, unfolding on the basis of motive, aimed at a target and indirect cognitive maps that represent the knowledge and expectations, emerging in the experiment. In his experiments, we used a special maze.