Hubble, Edwin Powell

The American astronomer Edwin Powell Hubble (Edwin Powell Hubble) (1889-1953) was born in Marshfilde in Missouri. Hubble's father served in the Chicago-based insurance firm, the children in the family were brought up in the most severe disipliny. Entering in 1906. University of Chicago, Hubble has worked in the laboratory known physicist Millikan. However, he did not want to engage in physics and went to England to continue obazovanie at Oxford University, studying ... Roman law. Returning home, Hubble has a law degree. But adokatom he worked all year and then decided to "throw jurisprudence for the sake of Astronomy". Hubble returned to the University of Chicago and began working as an assistant Yerkes Observatory near Chicago. But Hubble's scientific work was interrupted. It was the first world war, and was called to active duty. Upon returning from the army Hubble worked at the Mount Wilson Observatory in California. Proceedings of the Hubble laid the foundations of modern extragalactic astronomy. In 1924, Mr.. Using the Hubble telescope with a mirror diameter of 254 cm at the Mount Wilson Observatory showed that the Andromeda nebula and a few other nebulae are stellar structure and are far outside the Milky Way. Thus, Hubble determined that our galaxy is not the only star system in the universe. In subsequent years, Hubble studied many of the nebulae, which he called extragalactic. They are now called galaxies. It turned out that not all of these galaxies have a spiral shape. In 1925, Mr.. Hubble was the first detailed classification of galaxies by their shape and other characteristics. In 1929, Mr.. Hubble discovered that the movement between the radial velocities of galaxies and the distances to them there is a linear relation (Hubble's law), and to determine the numerical value of the coefficient of this relation (Hubble constant). This discovery was the observational basis of the theory of the expanding universe. Hubble was one of the greatest astronomers of the twentieth century. and pioneer the study of distant stellar systems. In 1927, Mr.. He was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences in Washington.