KARPINSKY Aleksandr Petrovich

(1846/47-1936), geologist, founder of the Russian Geological Research School, Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1925; academician Petersburg AN with 1896, Academy of Sciences since 1917), the first elected President of the Academy of Sciences (1917-25), President of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (from 1925 ). One of the organizers and director of the Geological Committee (1885-1903). Major works on the stratigraphy and paleontology, . tectonics and paleogeography, . Petrography, . genesis of ore deposits and dr.Mysl to organize in Russia specialized scientific institutions for the general geological and stratigraphic investigations, . associated with the development of mining industry, . repeatedly expressed the outstanding domestic scholars,
. In 1882, Mr.. for this purpose was organized by the Geological Committee (Geological Committee) under the Mining Office, brought together representatives of various geological schools. At the head of a new institution soon became a prominent domestic geologist and paleontologist, later president of the Academy of Sciences A. P. Karpinski.
The artistic heritage of a. P. Karpinski enormous. It covers a variety of industries Geology and Palaeontology. Paleontological work A. P. Karpinski was permeated with the ideas of Darwinism. In his monographs and articles, . on a variety of fossil organisms - from cephalopods to himerovyh fish, . he developed the fundamental problem of evolution, . tried to find some patterns of fossil groups, . the ratio of their historical and individual development,
. Investigating fossil organisms,. P. Karpinski creatively developed the evolutionary method in paleontology. Under the influence of his scientific and organizational activity of developing a powerful national school of geologists and paleontologists, have successfully developed many of the problems of the science of earth and extinct organisms.
. The main direction of work of the Geological Committee of this period was the systematic scientific study of the geological structure of the country
. In the 90 years of the last century, conducted the first excavations of Tertiary mammals in southern Russia, the discovery of rich Quaternary fauna of Siberia. These works marked the beginning of the accumulation of domestic materials on fossil vertebrates.