Constructi BEGIN (Begin Menachem)

(1913-1992), Menachem Begin Wolfovitch
Born August 16, 1913 in Brest-Litovsk (Russia). At the age of 15 years, joined Betar, the youth organization of the radical Zionist group, created Ze'ev Jabotinsky. In the 1930's took an active part in directing the movement of 'revisionists' in Poland. In 1935 he graduated from the University of Warsaw Begin. After the German invasion in 1939 was forced to flee in Vilnius. He was arrested by Soviet authorities for Zionist activities and sent to a camp in Siberia. Between 1941 and was released in 1942, arrived in Palestine, where he served in the British Army. Entered in the Irgun, the underground militia, commanded from 1943 to 1948, worked closely with a group of Stern, headed by Yitzhak Shamir. On the eve of the establishment of Israel Irgun troops poured into the national army.
Begin facilitated the establishment of the party Herut (Freedom) as a continuation of political Irgun. In 1948 he was elected to the Knesset and the subsequent 29 years (except for 1967-1970 when he served as minister without portfolio) was in opposition to one-party government, which controlled the Labor Party. Under the leadership of Begin's Herut Party put forward the slogan of establishing Greater Israel in Palestine (in the borders prior to 1948), the Kingdom of Jordan and in Lebanon to the south of the Litani River. In 1965, Herut joined a coalition with the Liberal Party for the establishment of the electoral bloc Gahan, in 1973, this unit and several smaller parties formed a bloc Likud (Unity). Likud's victory over the Labor Party in 1977 allowed Begin to form a coalition government.

Begin to consolidate the right of Israel to almost all the Palestinian and Syrian territories occupied by Israel during the Six Day War of 1967 (the Golan Heights, Gaza Strip, east Jerusalem, the West Bank). After the visit of Egyptian President Anwar Sadat to Jerusalem in 1977, there was hope for peace with Egypt. In September 1978, invited Dzh.Karter Begin and Anwar Sadat at Camp David, where Begin agreed to a withdrawal of Israeli troops from the Sinai Peninsula, as well as talks on Palestinian autonomy in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. Begin and Sadat won the Nobel Peace Prize 1978. March 26, 1979 in Washington DC signed a peace treaty. But soon the negotiations for Palestinian autonomy were suspended, and Menachem Begin lashed out against Israel's withdrawal from occupied territories. In 1981, Begin's government took a large part of the Syrian Golan Heights.

In September 1983, Begin resigned from the party and government posts on the grounds of personal reasons. Herut and the Likud bloc chosen successor Begin, Yitzhak Shamir.

Died Begin in Jerusalem, March 9, 1992.