FEUERBACH Ludwig (Feuerbach Ludwig)

(1804-1872)
Born July 28, 1804 in Landshut (Bavaria), the son of a prominent lawyer - Paul von Feuerbach. He studied at the Gymnasium, in 1823 entered the University of Heidelberg in Theological Faculty. Dissatisfied with the quality of teaching in Heidelberg, continued teaching in Berlin, where he attended lectures of Hegel, and for many years to become his successor, but instead went to study at the Faculty of Natural Sciences in Erlangen. Later he wrote about this period: "I traded the theology on the philosophy. Outside of philosophy there is no escape ... I fled from society, theologians, and now one of my friends such minds as Aristotle, Spinoza, Kant and Hegel '. In 1828, with a thesis on a single, universal and infinite mind (De ratione una, universali, infinita), Feuerbach was promoted to a privat-docent Erlangen University, he taught metaphysics, logic and history of philosophy. After the anonymous publication of scandalous and Thoughts of death and immortality (Gedanken ber Tod und Unterblichkeit, . aus den Papieren eines Denkers nebst einem Anhang theologisch-satirisch Xenien, . 1830), . in which he denied the truth of ideas about the afterlife and personal immortality, . Feuerbach was dismissed from his post and no longer able to continue an academic career, . Although published in the future number of important works, . in particular the works: The history of modern philosophy from Bacon to Spinoza (Geschichte der neuern philosophie von Bacon von Verulam bis Benedict Spinoza, . 1833), . On Leibniz (Darstellung, . Entwicklung und Kritik der Leibnizschen Philosophie, . 1837), . About Pierre Bayle (Pierre Bayle,
. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der Philosophie und Menschheit, 1838). Subsequently, . a quarter century, . lived far from the German cultural and academic centers - in the village Brukberg (Thuringia), . but it worked with the philosophical journal - 'Galleskimi yearbooks on German science and art' ( 'Hallische Jahrbcher fr deutsche Wissenschaft und Kunst') and 'yearbooks on scientific criticism' ( 'Jahrbcher fr wissenschaftliche Kritik') (TN,
. 'Yearbooks of the Berlin'), which published a brilliant review. Persecuted censor, . particularly, . ban were his books on philosophy and Christianity (ber Philosophie und Christentum, . 1839) and preliminary theses for the reform of philosophy (Vorlufige Thesen zur Reform der Philosophie, . 1842), . where he developed the idea, . that 'faith in Christ is faith in man', . as 'Christ was a man',
. Known thesis of Feuerbach: 'Man to man God'
. A new stage in the ideological development of Feuerbach came after 1839, . when he wrote the Critique of Hegel's philosophy (Zur Kritik der Hegel'schen Philosophie, . 1839) and his most famous work - The Essence of Christianity (Das Wesen des Christentums, . 1841), . which brought down the full weight of the materialist and, . hence, . atheistic criticism of Christian beliefs and developed a new 'religion of love',
. 'Believe you can not confirm the confession of his faith case, . - He wrote, . - For the faith you have only to himself, . love it you can not, without the confession of his love, . without revealing its, . not realizing it, . For the love you possess not for himself, . but for others',
. 'What kind of mentality, . what kind of religion - the religion of love? This is the mindset, . when a man in love finds rest for his soul, . allows the riddle of his life, . reaches the ultimate goal of his life, . thus, . finds in the love that, . that the Christian faith in addition to searching for love ',
. 'What reduces my principle? K and I to another I have to 'selfishness' and 'communism', because both are so connected with each other, as the head and heart. No selfishness you will not have a head, without communism - the heart '.

Peru belong to the works of Feuerbach - A writer and a man. Several humorous-philosophical aphorisms (Abaelard und Heloise, oder der Schriftsteller und der Mensch. Eine Reihe humoristisch-philosophischer Aphorismen, . 1934), . The main philosophy of the future (Grundstze der Philosophie der Zukunft, . 1843), . The essence of religion (Vorlesungen ber das Wesen der Religion, . 1845), . Theogony (Theogonie nach den Quellen des classischen, . hebrischen und christlichen Altertums, . 1857) and others,
. By the end of life thinker fallen into poverty, migration in the vicinity of Nuremberg, became interested in the ideology of Marxism and socialism, and for two years before his death, joined the Social Democratic Party. In connection with the ideas of Marx's ideas of Feuerbach points out a number of general seats. For example, Feuerbach, we read: 'My first impulse was to make the philosophy of universal affair. But who once embarked on this path, . inevitably comes in the end to, . to make man the subject of philosophical activity and reject the very philosophy, . because it is only because become universal business, . that it will cease to be a philosophy,
. Once the purpose of life for me was thinking, but now life is for me to thinking. True philosophy is not to create the book, but to create people '. Similar ideas were developed by Marx in the famous 'Theses on Feuerbach' (1845).

Died, Feuerbach in Rahenberge near Nuremberg, 13 September 1872.