POOR Demian

Poor Demian real name - Pridvorov Efim Alekseevich (1883 - 1945), poet.

Born April 1 (13 NS) in the village Gubovka Kherson province in the family church caretaker. From childhood grasped the hardships of life. He studied at the village school (1890 - 96), whence issued a love for Russian literature. In 1896 entered the military-medical assistant school in Kiev. Then he began to write poems, epigrams, dreaming to become a writer. From 1900 to 1904 he served in the barracks of company nurse, continuing self-education.

Having passed the external examinations for the full course of the classical school, in 1904, was adopted by the historical-philological faculty of St. Petersburg University. Student years the poet coincided with the revolutionary events of 1905 - 07. Like all advanced students, Yefim Pridvorov was engulfed in revolutionary mood. After the defeat of the revolution wrote the poem "Under the new year," "anxiously terrible ..."," Do not reconciled, no! " (1909). In 1911 his poems were published in the St. Petersburg newspaper "Zvezda" (Bolshevik). This newspaper was closed, but in April came the Bolshevik newspaper Pravda, and Pridvorov, take now the nickname "Demian Poor", became an active member of her. Enjoyed his most famous fables. In 1913 his first book "Fables".

During the First World War he served in the Army nurse, was awarded the combat awards.

In the revolutionary 1917 Demian Poor actively advocated on the pages of the Bolshevik publication of pamphlets, epigrams, parodies. Writes a popular poem, "to land, will, about the best part".

Implicitly accepted the revolution, D. Poor selflessly serve her. During the Civil War, he is constantly on the front, providing topical poems, songs, limericks, poetry leaflets. Concluded this stage of creativity poem "Main Street" (1922).

Many and fruitfully, he worked in 1920, often traveled to factories and construction sites, constantly speaking to the workers of poems, lobbying in favor of a new life for the fight against remnants of the past.

During World War II created many Demian Poor poetic texts to the posters, wrote a new verse tales, legends, poems ( "Russian girls," 1942, "Revenge", 1943, "the Boss", 1945).

Being seriously ill, the poet wanted only one thing - to live up to the Victory Day. His dream was realized. He died May 25, 1945.

Used materials kn.: Russian writers and poets. Brief Biographical Dictionary. Moscow, 2000.


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POOR Demian (cf.. Pham. and the name Pridvorov Efim Alekseevich) (1883, with. Gubovka Kherson Province .- 1945, Barvikha, near Moscow) - poet. The son of a peasant, became SzegцЁ sexton in g. Elisavetgrad. Literate by the sexton chasoslovu and hymnals. From his childhood tending animals, moonlighting as reading aloud the church books, writing letters and complaints, was the doorkeeper, messenger. "The dream of my village life was the village Vlas horse thief, a handsome man, who feared no one and stole horses from the rich. I admired him, and he said: "you're bright-eyed lad will go far, you'll need a thief". This I took as the highest praise ". Poor Grandpa sent to a village school. In 1896 B. enrolled in the military-medical assistant school in Kiev, where he was the best pupil. Becoming a medical assistant, worked in Elisavetgrad, but realized "that my true vocation - not medical science, and humanities", passed the matriculation examination and entered the History and Philology Dept., St. Petersburg, Zap. Moonlighting as private lessons and studied with great zeal. Roar. 1905-1907 strongly influence it. From loyalty to poetry, to to have been printed in "Kiev speech," he turned to the populist. Soon leaned toward Marxism, having become acquainted with VD. Bonch-Bruevich, and since 1911 has been actively cooperate in the Bolshevik publications. After the poem "On Damien poor - peasant harmful" it became a young poet. In 1912 joined RSDLP (b), collaborated in "Pravda". In 1913 the first book poor "Fables", which brought him fame. In 1914 he was mobilized and participated in the battles, was awarded the St. George Medal for bravery. In 1915 he moved to the back portion, and then decommissioned in stock. In 1917, to replace the fable and fairy tale come agitation, fel'etony. Many wrote and was very popular, especially in the Army during the Civil War. Bitter remembered that Lenin had "strongly and repeatedly stressed the importance of agitation" of the poor, but said: "The rough. There is for the reader, but should be a little bit ahead ". Poor assembled one of the largest private libraries (over 30 thousand. volumes) and gave it to State. lit. museum in Moscow.

Used materials kn.: Shikman A.P. Figures of national history. Biographical Directory


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. POOR Demian (real name - Efim Alekseevich Pridvorov) (01.04.1883, d Gubovka Alexandria district, Kherson province - 25/05/1945, Barvikha, Moscow region), poet
. The son of a church caretaker, a descendant of voennoposelentsev, the mother - Cossack. Educated in the Kiev military feldsher School (1900), studied the history and philosophy department of St. Petersburg University. His works were published from 1899. In 1912 joined the RSDLP, Bolshevik. Collaborated in the newspaper Pravda, which published a great number of his poems. In 1913 was published his first collection of "Fables". In 1914, drafted into the army. From 1915 he worked at the Central Military-Industrial Committee (Petrograd). The greatest fame and popularity Poor achieved during the Civil War - was published more than 40 collections of his poems, he wrote slogans and limericks, fables and lyrics (eg "How dear mother walked with me"). After the war, focused on loyalty to writing poetry in t.ch. author of verse epistles Party congresses. The main attention is paid mockery of religion and Russian history. His poem "Come down from the stove, causing great passions in society, and supported the poet LL. Averbach even put forward the slogan "odemyanivaniya" literature. An example of "patriotic" poems poor can be a poem dedicated to the process of MN. Tukhachevskogo and others:

Oozes poison from their fascist insides
Sticking languages in fascist trough
They are native country prepared trouble.
In 1938, accused of slandering the Russian people (contained in the "Get off the stove) and expelled from the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) and the Writers' Union. During the Great Patriotic War, gradually began to regain favor of the leader, and 09.05.1945 in Pravda appeared his poem "Victory". Received a great apologetic obituary in Pravda. According to the memoirs NS. Khrushchev, Poor was his favorite poet. In 1956, restored CPSU. Many of the features used Bednogo MA. Bulgakov to create an image of Berlioz (novel "The Master and Margarita").

To use material from the book.: Zaleski KA. Stalin's empire. Biographical Encyclopedic Dictionary. Moscow, Veche, 2000


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Poor Demian (Pridvorov E. A.) (1883-1945). Poet and public figure. Son laborer, was educated in rural schools, then in the military feldsher, after which served 4 years in the military. In 1904. enrolled at St. Petersburg University in History and Philology. Began to publish in 1909. in the journal "Russian Wealth" in 1911. - In the Bolshevik newspaper "The Star", from 1912. - In "Pravda". In 1912, Mr.. joined RSDLP (b). The following year published his first book "Fables". Since that time did not occur any any major political event on which the D. The poor did not respond to his poetry. During the imperialist war as an emergency paramedic was called to military. Closure of "Truth" has doomed him to enforced silence. After the February Revolution returns to the literary activity. During the Civil War led to great success agitproprabotu in the Red Army, for which he was awarded in 1923. Order of the Red Banner.