Luciano Pavarotti (Luciano Pavarotti)

Luciano Pavarotti was born Oct. 12, 1935 on the outskirts of Modena in northern Italy, a son of Fernando Pavarotti - a baker and singer, and Adele Venturi - working factory cigar. Despite the fact that the singer always spoke fondly of his childhood, the family had little money. Four members of the family lived in a two-room dwelling. In the words of the singer, his father had a beautiful tenor voice, but was unable to singing career because of nervousness. Second World War forced the family to leave the city in 1943. During the following year they rented a room on a farm in a neighboring village, where Pavarotti became interested in farming.

. Pavarotti early musical interests were in the records of his father, most of which included the popular tenors of the time - Beniamino Gigli, Zhovanni Martinelli, Tito Skipp and Enrico Koruzo
. When Luciano was about nine years, he began singing with his father in a small local church choir. Also during his youth, he spent a few lessons with Professor Dondi and his wife, but did not attach great importance to them.

. After what could be called normal childhood with the usual interest in sports - in Pavarotti's case is primarily a football - he graduated from high school Schola Magistrale and faced with the dilemma of choosing future profession
. Pavarotti was interested in obtaining a career professional goalkeeper, but his mother persuaded him to become a teacher. Later he taught at the elementary school two years, but eventually interest in music took the top. Aware of all the risk, his father reluctantly gave his consent to the fact that Luciano will get free room and board up to 30 years, after which, if he was not lucky with the singer's career, he will earn himself to eat all the ways that could.

. Pavarotti began serious training in 1954 at the age of 19 with Arrigo Pola - a respected teacher and professional tenor in Modena who, while aware of the poverty of the family offered to give lessons without paying
. Only then Pavarotti learned that he had perfect pitch.

At about this time Pavarotti met Adua Veroni, who was also an opera singer. Luciano and Adua had been engaged for seven years before they married. The wedding took place in 1961, when Luciano got the first decent fee, and they say, even tried okleit bills walls of the bedroom, but later traded with them all the same to have to buy his first car.

When after two and a half years, Paul went to Japan, Pavarotti became a student of Ettore Kampogalliani, who also taught a childhood friend of Pavarotti, now a well-known soprano Mirella Freni. During his studies, Pavarotti hired to work part-time work - first as a teacher in elementary school, and then, when he suffered this setback, as an insurance agent.

. The first six years of training did not lead to anything more than a few solo gigs in small towns without pay
. When the vocal cords formed thickening (fold), which caused "terrible" concert in Ferrara, Pavarotti decided to engage with the singing. However, later thickening not only disappeared, but the singer said in his autobiography, "Everything that I learned, came together with my natural voice to make a sound, what I sought so hard."

. Career 1960-1980

. Pavarotti's creative career began in 1961 with a victory at the International Vocal Competition
. In the same year he made his debut at the Teatro Reggio Emilia, executed party Rodolfo in 'La Boheme' J. Puccini. The same game he played in 1963 at the Vienna Opera House and London's Covent Garden.

Pavarotti's Debut in America was held in Miami Opera in February 1965, when he sang in 'Lucia di Lammermoor' by Donizetti together in Sutherland. Tenor, which was supposed to sing that night was ill and had no understudy. As Sutherland was with him on tour, she recommended the young Pavarotti, because he was well acquainted with the role.

. In subsequent years he sang at Covent Garden Party Alfredo in "La Sonnambula" Bellini, Alfredo in 'La Traviata' by Verdi, the Duke of Mantua in Verdi 'Rigoletto'
. Party Tonio in the opera 'Daughters of the regiment' by Donizetti, sung in 1966, Pavarotti has brought international fame: he became the first tenor in the world, spevshim all nine high 'to' in the aria 'Quel destin'. After that he became known as 'king of the top up'. In the same year, Pavarotti made his debut at La Scala in Milan, where he sang in Tybald 'Capulets and the Montagues' Bellini. Over time, the singer began to turn to dramatic roles: Cavaradossi in 'Tosca' by Puccini, Riccardo in 'Ball-masquerade', Manrico in "Il Trovatore ', Radames in' Aida 'by Verdi.

. Pavarotti's success with the public gathered force during the 1970-1980-ies, . supported by the singer's frequent appearances on television and his desire, . giving recitals and concerts speaking in mixed, . to bring the art of opera to people, . who rarely attend opera or never overstepped its threshold,
.

Since 1971, Pavarotti appeared regularly at the Festival Arena di Verona, participated in concerts, sometimes alongside Placido Domingo and Jose Carreras. In his solo concerts Pavarotti collected hundreds of thousands of listeners. At a speech in New York's Metropolitan Opera audiences have been so subjugated by the beauty of the singer's voice, that the curtain had to lift 160 times. This case was entered in the Guinness Book of Records. 500 thousand spectators listened to his concert in Central Park in New York City - an audience not collect any one of the most popular performers.

In 1992 he opened the season at La Scala in Don Carlos "and the first time he sang Otello. Over time, the theater gave the singer's concert stage, which, in turn, became close to Pavarotti

. Since 1992, Pavarotti has participated in charity concerts "Pavarotti and friends".

. Among the merits of singing Pavarotti was - excellent high production rates; solar flight timbre; unusually perfect vocal skills and as a consequence of the ease of sound production
. Combining these qualities with an incredibly strong personality, warmth and cheerfulness, the singer made one of the 'superstars' of opera scenes of XX century.

At the age of 61 noisy Pavarotti divorced his wife. The reason for divorce - the singer's passion for his secretary, Nicoletta Mantovani. Soon Pavarotti married his 26-year-old lady, their daughter was born ...

He had two wives, and at least another three women linked to long romance. From 1979 to 86 th he was in touch with the American singer Madeleine Reni, then he spent seven years met with Hungarian Judit Kovacs. His latest mistress in 1993, was a model Lucia Derrilli, but this relationship - the shortest of all mentioned.

"I love to please people who are dear to me. And, unfortunately, can not stand next to people that my feelings have long grown cold "- confessed Big Pa. This explains his divorce from the woman with whom he had lived for almost 40 years and raised three daughters. Six years Luciano sought its location, and then the same - divorce. But Pavarotti has always emphasized that his act was not treason. 100 million - a debt of honor Luciano Pavarotti has paid his first wife. Then it was almost half of its state ...

. In his 70-year anniversary of the maestro performed a farewell tour of 40 cities of the world, which also included St. Petersburg, where in the Ice Palace, he gave a concert A night to remember.

. In 2006, the tenor was operated in the United States over the tumor of the pancreas, losing weight after the operation at 30 kg.

. In August 2007, Pavarotti was taken to Modena hospital with high fever
. The official cause of hospitalization was called cold. Prior to hospitalization singer vacationing in a villa on the outskirts of Modena with his wife and young daughter.

. From 8 to 25 August 2007 at the bedside of 71-year-old patient's oncologists are specialists on duty, despite the fact that the maestro was hospitalized with suspected pneumonia
.

In early September, the opera singer's health has deteriorated. According to Italian television, having invoked unnamed sources, Pavarotti was unconscious, he had kidney failure.

Luciano Pavarotti died at 5 am local time (7 am Moscow time) September 6, 2007 from pancreatic cancer at his home in Modena. Ibid September 8, 2007 held a farewell and funeral maestro.

He was buried at Montale kladbsche Rangoni at Modena, in the family crypt next to his parents and stillborn son.

As expected, a great scandal erupted around the testament Luciano Pavarotti. The intrigue was the fact that before the death of the great tenor several times changed his orders and left a few options Wills. But the answers to many questions, who would get the money Pavarotti was resolved very simply.

Colossal state Pavarotti, which is estimated at more than 300 million euro, won his second wife, Nicoletta Mantovani. "Assign universal heir my wife, Nicoletta, leaving her the right to dispose of all of my state" - such was the desire to maestro. The document, kept in a safe personal notary tenor, was also stipulates that Pavarotti left his four daughters - Lorenza, Cristina, Juliana and Alice - "what they are entitled to". But then, what is really the sum of "allowed" to three adult daughters from his first marriage, and still very little Alice from the second, Luciano Buonanno, the notary of the Italian town of Pesaro, was never clarified.

. To stop the media speculation about the squabbles among relatives Pavarotti due to inheritance, Luciano Buonanno was even forced to partially reveal the contents of the will
. The notary then said that half of the state will be divided between the four daughters of a singer, a quarter will get a second wife, and the remaining 25 percent remained with Pavarotti, which he could distribute at the last moment.

. That second wife, Pavarotti became a hostess most of his fortune, as well as "its interest" add share it with Pavarotti's daughters, she would "get up"
.

Pavarotti's legacy is estimated at 500 - 600 million and consists of:
- Several apartments in New York
- Estate in Italy
- Stables with 50 horses
- Collection of paintings
- Shares of industrial enterprises