Kostomarov Nikolai Ivanovich

(1817-1885). Born in an old noble family. He studied at Kharkov University. For several months he served in the Dragoon Regiment. Continued his studies at Moscow University. The training came to the conclusion that history - is primarily a story of a people, not the state. The first academic thesis called 'On the causes and nature of the union in Western Russia' (1842), but was not protected. He protected the other work - 'On the historical significance of the Russian folk poetry'. He was one of the first researchers Ukrainian chronicles and journalistic work in the XVII. He studied the problem of relations of the Russian and Ukrainian peoples. From 1846, Mr.. worked at the University of Kiev. That same year, becoming one of the founders of the Cyril-Methodius Society, for their participation in which was a year imprisoned in the Peter and Paul Fortress, then exiled to Saratov, and received a ban from teaching and publishing works. These bans were lifted only after the accession of Alexander II. In the second half of the 50-ies. initiated the preparation of essays on the everyday life of Russian people, its customs and mores in the XVI-XVII centuries. which ceased publication in 1860. 'Sketch of domestic life and manners of Great People in the XVI and XVII centuries'. In 1859, Mr.. He became a professor at St. Petersburg University. The first lecture course - 'History of the Southern, Western, Northern and Eastern Russia in the specific period' - was a great success. At the same time, it appeared controversial provisions, which caused discussion. In particular, Kostomarov argued that Novgorod the Great, in the specific period is the successor of 'Ukrainian democratic traditions', while other land (and in particular, the North-East) - Great-gosudarstvennicheskih. Since 1862. stop lecturing at the university and scholarly activity. In this period was written his most famous work 'Russian history in the life of its most important figures'. Since 1875. ill and could not work in the archives. In 1885, Mr.. died.