Rohe Ludwig Mies Van Der

Ludwig Mies was born in Aachen, March 27, 1886. Already in the 1920's to the name, inherited from his father, he added the surname of the mother. With fifteen years, he helped a local architect, doing endless drawings of plaster ornaments. In 1905, Mies left for Berlin, where he first worked with Bruno Paul, one of the best at that time experts in architecture and interior equipment, and since 1908 - in the studio of Peter Behrens. Workshop Behrens was the only one in Germany, where the younger generation may find that what it needs.

Three years spent in the studio Behrens, laid the groundwork for the formation of Mies as an architect, all mastered and neoclassical ideas and technical and industrial aspects of his art teacher. Receiving an order in Holland, Mies in 1912 went to The Hague, where he became acquainted with the work of J.-P. Berlage. In 1913 he opened in Berlin on its design bureau.

The period of apprenticeship completed the First World War. In the years of social upheaval and economic collapse, when built little, Mies van der Rohe made a series of pilot projects (1919-1924). Among them are marked by the influence of expressionism projects glass skyscrapers, the architect was looking for a new type of constructive structures and together with the form, most fully revealing the dazzling brightness and transparency of glass.

. Projects of two country houses in 1923 - brick and reinforced concrete, developed by Mies van der Rohe, are invaluable for the development of modern architecture
. In these two projects, Mies van der Rohe put it a new concept in architecture.

In 1920 Mies van der Rohe was associated with the most radical of the progressive architects of Germany. In 1926 in Berlin, he built a monument to Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg. Brick stele, asymmetrically partitioned speakers and disengaging the planes, is an emblem of the Communist Party of Germany. The monument is full of harsh and passionate speakers.

A year later, Mies van der Rohe headed the International Exhibition in Stuttgart.

Mies van der Rohe was lucky to demonstrate his architectural ideas in a pure form in the construction of the German pavilion at the International Exhibition of 1929 in Barcelona. Instead of the pavilion to house the exhibits, he erects a building which by definition form and beauty of the materials used is both an exhibition pavilion and exhibits. It was an expression of a new design concept: set dissected from flowing freely distributed wall space. Flat roof rests on the open standing steel racks, so the load bearing walls can be made of glass and other thin materials.

A draft of the pavilion brought van der Rohe's world-famous. In 1930 he built a house in the Tugendhat Brann.

When in 1930, Mies van der Rohe headed the Bauhaus, he sent his work to study in the first place a purely formal problems. Despite this, the Nazis made it impossible for the school in Dessau. Mies van der Rohe was forced to transfer her to Berlin, then, in 1933, to dissolve. In 1937 he emigrated to the United States, where a year later was invited to lead the architectural school IIT - Illinois Institute of Technology in Chicago.

. A year after his arrival in America, he receives an order for design and construction of the Illinois Institute of Technology in Chicago
. It is here defined the main architectural theme of his buildings of the American period - undifferentiated rendered outside the box with frame. Simultaneously with the first buildings IIT Mies van der Rohe designed and built a house in Foca Fernsuort River (Illinois, 1946-1950).

The most famous skyscrapers of Mies van der Rohe: high-rise apartment buildings in Chicago on Lake Shoo-Drive (1951), Kommonuels mall (1957) differ only in details from the office building Sigrem Building in New York (1958).

Building company "Bacardi" for making rum in Mexico City, perhaps the most architecturally interesting of the works of Mies van der Rohe in 1953 and 1964. Note the deliberate emphasis on the relationship between the horizontal planes, which is more common in the later works of the wizard.

. In the early 1960's, when the direction of Mies van der Rohe has exhausted himself, he left teaching at IIT
. The largest of its construction of these years - Museum of Modern Art in West Berlin (1968) - another variant embodiment of the ideals of neoclassicism in exquisitely designed metal structure.

. Building in Berlin - the last work by the master, who died Aug. 17, 1969 in Chicago.

. Crystalline forms of creations Mies van der Rohe had been "taken into service" in large design firms in the USA
. At some time they have become almost mandatory for new administrative and commercial buildings under construction in Western Europe.